2013-2019年烟台市学校及托幼机构法定报告传染病流行特征分析  

Epidemic trend on notifiable communicable diseases among schools and nurseries in Yantai between 2013 and 2019

作　　者：高珊珊 冷启艳[1] 李秀燕[1] 王桂强[1] 许红玉 GAO Shan-shan;LENG Qi-yan;LI Xiu-yan;WANG Gui-qiang;XU Hong-yu(Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第22期4060-4063,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2018年度烟台市重点研发计划项目(2018SFGY119)。

摘　　要：目的分析烟台市2013-2019年18岁以下学生、托幼儿童法定传染病流行特征,为开展学校传染病防控工作提供参考依据。方法从"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"中收集2013-2019年烟台市18岁以下学生、托幼儿童法定报告传染病监测数据,进行流行病学分析。结果 2013-2019年烟台市累计报告18岁以下儿童法定传染病18种17 695例,年报告发病率208.88/10万-417.53/10万,呈波动上升趋势(χ^2趋势=537.139,P<0.001)。无甲类传染病报告;乙类传染病累计报告13种3 884例,发病呈上升趋势(χ^2趋势=259.621,P<0.001);丙类传染病累计报告5种13 811例,发病呈上升趋势(χ^2趋势=312.310,P<0.001)。乙类传染病年发病率居前3位的病种分别为猩红热(52.47/10万)、痢疾(7.81/10万)、肺结核(4.28/10万);丙类传染病年发病率居前3位的病种分别为手足口病(159.69/10万)、其它感染性腹泻病(41.93/10万)、流行性腮腺炎(22.70/10万)。肠道传染病、呼吸道传染病年报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^2趋势分别为144.223和547.287,均P<0.001);分别占报告病例的67.47%和31.69%。手足口病、猩红热、其他感染性腹泻、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒随年级升高呈下降趋势(χ^2趋势分别为15 105.173,2 885.682,7.756,556.594,120.648,均P<0.05)。结论烟台市托幼机构、中小学儿童法定传染病发病率总体呈上升趋势,丙类传染病是重点防控传染病,尤其加强托幼机构和小学的传染病预防控制工作。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable communicable diseases among students and nursery children under 18 years old in Yantai from 2013 to 2019,so as to provide reliable reference data for prevention and control of infectious diseases for schools.Methods The data of notifiable diseases among students and nursery children under18 years old in Yantai from 2013 to 2019 was gathered from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed.Results A total of 17695 cases of notifiable communicable diseases among children under 18 years old were reported from 2013 to 2019 in Yantai.The annual reported incidence showed a wave rise,with rates between208.88/100000 and 417.53/100000.There was no report of class A.3884 cases of class B infectious diseases were reported,which increased year by year.13811 cases of class C infectious diseases were reported,which was increasing.The top 3 infectious diseases of class B were scarlet fever(52.47/100,000),dysentery(7.81/100,000),tuberculosis(4.28/100,000).The top 3 infectious diseases of class C were hand foot and mouth disease(159.69/100,000),other infectious diarrhea diseases(41.93/100,000)and mumps(22.70/100,000).Intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 67.47%and 31.69%among the total reported cases,respectively.Hand-foot-mouth,scarlet fever,other infectious diarrhea,mumps and influenza show a downward trend with the increase of grade.Conclusion An overall upward trend is observed in students under 18 years old in Yantai from 2013 to 2019.Class C infectious diseases are the key infectious diseases,we should strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases in nurseries and primary schools especially.

关 键 词：学生 托幼儿童 法定传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]