雅鲁藏布江多雄藏布流域鱼类资源调查与多样性分析  

Investigation and Diversity Analysis of Fish Resources in the Dogxung Zangbo Basin of the Yalu Tsangpo River

作　　者：邓捷[1] 董滇红[2] 张红星[1] 姜维[1] 赵虎[1] 孔飞[1] 许涛清[1] 王启军[1] Deng Jie;Dong Dianhong;Zhang Hongxing;Jiang Wei;Zhao Hu;Kong Fei;Xu Taoqing;Wang Qijun(Shanxi Province Institute of Zoology,Xi'an,710032;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,450003)

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [2]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,郑州450003

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2020年第8期3468-3474,共7页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：陕西省科学院科技计划项目(2015K-10);黄河勘测规划设计有限公司“多雄藏布流域综合规划环境影响评价水生生态专题评价”项目共同资助。

摘　　要：为探究雅鲁藏布江多雄藏布流域鱼类资源现状,为西藏地区鱼类资源的保护与利用提供本底资料,研究人员于2016年3月、11月采用捕捞与走访调查相结合的方式对该流域鱼类资源进行了生物调查与多样性分析。研究共设置采样点10个,采集渔获物209尾,隶属于1目2科5属7种。以雅鲁藏布江中游土著鱼类鲤科鱼类为主,渔获物重量组成中尖裸鲤最高,占34.46%,其次为异齿裂腹鱼,占31.24%,拉萨裸裂尻和双须叶须鱼分别占到17.27%和16.84%,其它鱼类较少。渔获物大多为亚成体或幼体阶段。多样性指标Shannon-Weiner指数(H)为2.32~3.78,Simpson优势度指数(C)为0.11~0.68,Pielou均匀度指数(E)为0.32~0.91,其中海拔最高的切热乡附近鱼类均匀度指数仅为0.32,生物多样性显著低于中下游及其他支流。结果显示,多雄藏布流域鱼类物种多样性较低,种群扩繁与恢复能力弱,鱼类资源具有衰退趋势。In order to explore the status of fish resources in the Dogxung Zangbo basin of the Yalu Tsangpo River and provide background data for the protection and utilization of fish resources in Tibet,researchers conducted a survey and diversity analysis of fish resources in the totally 10 sampling sites along Dogxung Zangbo in March and November,2016.The total sample included 209 catches,belonging to 7 fish species from 5 genera,2 families and1 order.The main species are the endemic species from Cyprinidae in the middle reach of the Yalu Tsangpo River,and the weight of Oxygymnocypris stewarti was the highest,which accounted for 34.46%of the catch,followed by Schizothorax oconnori,accounting for 31.24%of the catch,Schizothoracinae young husbandi and Ptychobarbus dipogon accounting for 17.27%and 16.84%respectively,while other fish catch less.Most of the catches were in the subadult or juvenile stages.The Shannon-Weiner index(H),Simpson dominance index(C)and Pielou evenness index(E)were 2.32~3.78,0.11~0.68 and 0.32~0.91,respectively.Among them,the evenness index of fish species in the vicinity of Qiere village site with the highest elevation was the lowest(0.32),and the biodiversity was significantly lower than that of middle or lower reaches and other tributaries.The results reveal that the diversity of fish species in the Dogxung Zangbo watershed was poor,the ability of population propagation and recovery was weak,and the fish resources had a declining trend.

关 键 词：多雄藏布 鱼类资源 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]