结核病疫苗的抗结核免疫机制的研究进展  

Research progress on the anti-tuberculosis immune mechanisms of tuberculosis vaccines

作　　者：丁菁芸 郭翰翔 雒静 许建华 邵萌 吴芳[1] DING Jing-yun;GUO Han-xiang;LUO Ling;XU Jian-hua;SHAO Meng;WU Fang(Shihezi University School of Medicine,Shihezi 832002,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,石河子832002

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2020年第11期940-948,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(No.2018AB019)。

摘　　要：结核病是由结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,MTB)所引起的一种慢性传染病,严重危害人类健康,是目前全球范围内,尤以发展中国家为首,是受危害最为严重的慢性传染病之一。目前,预防结核病最常见且有效的疫苗是卡介苗(Bacillus Calmette-Guérin,BCG),但由于其对成人肺部结核保护作用的不确定性,再加上外界因素的改变也使卡介苗难以满足人类预防结核病的迫切需求,因此,新型抗结核疫苗的研发显得格外紧迫和重要。本文将介绍减毒活疫苗VPM1002疫苗,蛋白质/佐剂疫苗H4/H56∶IC31疫苗,病毒载体疫苗腺病毒载体疫苗和其他已经进入临床试验的疫苗,以及一些尚在研究的抗结核免疫机制的研究现状,为以后的结核病防治提供参考。Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB),which severely endangers human health.Tuberculosis is one of the major infectious diseases causing harm and death to people globally.China has among the highest burden of TB worldwide.China’s TB prevention and control efforts are facing many problems and challenges.The current TB prevention and control service system and control capacity in China cannot meet the prevention and control needs.At present,the most common and effective vaccine to prevent tuberculosis is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG).However,because of the relatively low protective effect of BCG against pulmonary tuberculosis infection in adolescents and adults,as well as changes in external factors,BCG faces challenges in meeting the urgent needs of preventing and controlling tuberculosis in humans.Currently,research and development of a new TB vaccine is particularly urgent and important.This article introduces the live attenuated vaccine VPM1002 vaccine,protein/adjuvant vaccine H4/H56∶IC31 vaccine,viral vector vaccine,adenovirus vector vaccine and other vaccines that have entered clinical trials.It additionally describes the current status of research on anti-TB immune mechanisms to provide a reference for future tuberculosis control,and it discusses ideas for the future development of new TB vaccines.This article should have important reference value for the development and innovation of TB vaccines in China.

关 键 词：结核病 结核分枝杆菌 抗结核免疫机制 结核病疫苗 

分 类 号：R378.91[医药卫生—病原生物学]