棉籽油基聚氨酯弹性体的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Cottonseed Oil-Based Polyurethane Elastomer

作　　者：李佳[1] 许志美[1] 奚桢浩[1] 赵玲[1] LI Jia;XU Zhimei;XI Zhenhao;ZHAO Ling(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学,上海市多相结构材料化学工程重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《功能高分子学报》2020年第6期563-569,共7页Journal of Functional Polymers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21978089);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(22221817014);太仓科技领军人才计划(TCRC201711)。

摘　　要：生物基聚氨酯是高端生物材料领域的重要研究方向。采用臭氧化棉籽油基多元醇(OTO-polyols)和蓖麻油(CO)为原料,与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)反应合成了一系列棉籽油基聚氨酯(TO-PU)弹性体。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)解析了聚氨酯弹性体的链结构,通过差示扫描量热仪、万能试验机和热重分析仪分别研究了材料的热行为、力学性能及热稳定性。结果表明:所合成的棉籽油基聚氨酯具有较低的玻璃化转变温度(−35~−28℃)和一定的结晶性能;通过调节软段棉籽油基多元醇与蓖麻油的质量比可以调控TO-PU的力学性能,其拉伸强度可超过2.50 MPa,断裂伸长率大于150%;棉籽油基聚氨酯的起始分解温度高于240℃,热稳定性良好。Bio-based polyurethane with good comprehensive performance has attracted increasing attention.Cottonseed oilbased polyurethane(TO-PU)elastomers were synthesized from ozonized cottonseed oil-based polyols(OTO-polyols)with high hydroxyl value and castor oil(CO)by reacting with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI).The structure of urethane bond was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and the formation of hydrogen bond was observed.The thermomechanical properties of synthetic TO-PU were examined by differential scanning calorimeter,thermogravimetric analyzer and universal testing.The thermo-mechanical properties are strongly dependent on the crosslinking density of TO-PU.The glass transition temperatures of polyurethane elastomers are−35−28℃,and the crystalline properties can be enhanced with the increase of castor oil.Correspondingly,the mechanical properties of TO-PU according to the tensile behavior of elastomers can be adjusted by turning the mass ratio of OTO-polyols to CO.The tensile strength of TO-PU-3(m(OTOpolyols):m(CO)=7:3)exceeded 2.50 MPa,while the elongation at break can maintain above 150%.In comparison,the elongation at break of TO-PU-1(m(OTO-polyols):m(CO)=9:1)can approach 400%by reducing the content of castor oil.The cottonseed oil-based polyurethane elastomer shows excellent thermal stability with the initial decomposition temperature above 240℃,and its three thermal degradation stages are caused by urethane groups,ester groups,and long carbon chains of polyols,respectively.

关 键 词：棉籽油基多元醇 聚氨酯 拉伸强度 热稳定性 

分 类 号：O632.6[理学—高分子化学]