马家浜文化聚落形态研究  

Settlement Pattern of Majiabang Culture

作　　者：郑铎 ZHENG Duo(Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433;Changzhou Institute of Archaeology,Changzhou,Jiangsu,213000)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433 [2]常州市考古研究所,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《东南文化》2020年第5期85-94,共10页Southeast Culture

摘　　要：马家浜文化早期居址以干栏式为主,晚期以土木混合结构的地面式建筑为主要形式。房屋具备良好的防水性能,建筑技术尤其是木构件制作颇为先进。聚落中的生活设施包括水井和户外活动场地;生产设施包括制造场、水稻田和养殖坑,反映了马家浜文化合理的生业结构。部分遗址发现了专门的祭祀遗存,表明当时的社会存在浓厚的宗教氛围。马家浜文化依托水源建立聚落,因地制宜规划聚落布局,是与自然环境相适应的生存方式,奠定了环太湖地区水乡聚落的基本形态。The early residence of Majiabang Culture was dominated by stilt houses while the late was mainly seen with ground-based buildings with mixed earth and wood structures. The houses in Majiabang Culture had good waterproof performance, and the construction technology, especially the production of wooden components, was considerably advanced. The living facilities in the settlements include wells and outdoor activity venues and the production facilities include manufacturing sites, rice fields and cultivation pits, reflecting the reasonable economic and production structure of Majiabang Culture. The remains of sacrificial rites were found in some of the sites, suggesting the existence of a strong religious atmosphere at that time. Relying on water sources to build settlements and arranging the settlement layout according to local conditions, people in Majiabang Culture lived in close communion with nature and established the basic pattern of waterside settlements in the Taihu Lake area.

关 键 词：马家浜文化 聚落形态 居址建筑 祭祀遗存 环境 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]