四川省1起聚集性新冠肺炎暴发疫情调查处置与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of A Cluster COVID-19 Outbrake in Sichuan Province in 2020

作　　者：周兴余[1] 毛素玲[1] 夏云[2] 余技钢 黄星辉[2] ZHOU XingYu;MAO Suling;XIA Yun;YU Jigang;HUANG XingHui(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Provention,China;Panzhihua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [2]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第11期1391-1394,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省应对新型冠状病毒科技攻关应急项目(项目编号:2020YFS0015)。

摘　　要：目的厘清一起由于聚餐聚会引起的新冠肺炎疫情传播链,探讨新冠病毒潜伏期感染及疾病的超长潜伏期情况。方法2020-01-30/03-10对四川省P市一起由于聚餐聚会引起的病例及其密切接触者进行现场流行病学调查并采集咽拭子、痰液等呼吸道标本,采用RT-PCR方法开展新冠病毒核酸检测。结果截至2020-03-10,该起疫情共报告17例病例,第一代病例1例,第二代11例确诊病例,第三代病例5例,罹患率为13.7%(17/124),二代病例续发率为28.2%(11/39),第二代病例最短潜伏期2 d,最长潜伏期21 d,平均潜伏期6.6 d,第三代病例最短潜伏期3 d,最长潜伏期19 d,平均潜伏期9.6 d。调查结果显示1月24日晚上、1月25日和1月26日中午和晚上聚餐及1月25日下午KTV唱歌是导致第二代病例感染的主要危险因素,5例第二代病例分别在1月27日-29日不同聚餐行为导致5例第三代病例感染。1月30日对此次疫情涉及的所有密切接触者均实行集中医学隔离观察。实行集中医学隔离观察后出现6例第二代病例,5例第三代病例,结论新型冠状病毒具有潜伏期感染及潜伏期超过14 d情况;病毒具有人传人特点且传播力强;及时对病例进行流行病学调查并严格集中隔离密切接触者是防止疫情蔓延的关键。Objective To investigate a cluster COVID-19 outbreak caused by dinners and party in Sichuan Province so as to clarify the transmission chain and discuss the infection incubation period and the ultra-long incubation period of COVID-19. Methods An epidemiological investigation was carried out on the COVID-2019 cases and their close-contacts from Juanary 30 to March 10,2020.Respiratory tract specimens such as throat swabs and sputum were collected, and RT-PCR method was used to detect the nucleic acid of COVID-19. Results Till March 10,2020,a total of 17 cases were reported,including 1 case of the first generation,11 confirmed cases of the second generation,5 cases of the third generation. The attack rate was 13.7%(17/124),and the second generation infected rate was 28.2%(11/39). The shortest,longest,and average incubation period of the second generation cases were 2 days,21 days,and 6.6 days, respectively. As for the cases of third generation, the shortest, longest and average incubation period were 3 days,19 days,and 9.6 days,respectively. Investigation results showed that the dinner parties on the evening of January 24 th,the noon and evening of January 25 th and the KTV singing on the afternoon of January 25 th were the main risk factors for the infection of the patients in the second generation. On January 30, all close contacts were under intensive medical isolation observation. 6 cases of the second generation and 5 cases of the third generation were confirmed after intensive medical isolation observation. Conclusion The COVID-2019 virus is characterized by human-to-human transmission and has a strong transmission capacity. Notably, the ultra-long incubation period of COVID-19 could exceed 14 days. Timely epidemiological investigation of cases and strict concentration and isolation of close contacts are the keys to prevent the epidemic from spreading.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 暴发疫情 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]