古蔺县某职业中学学生新冠肺炎相关知识认知现状调查及分析  

Knowledge and Cognition Status of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Among Occupation High School Students in Gulin County

作　　者：李跃兵 龙巧林 李家芳 张永红 邱登荣 LI Yuebing;LONG Qiaolin;LI Jiafang;ZHANG Yonghong;QIU Dengrong(Gulin County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gulin 646500,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]古蔺县疾病预防控制中心,四川古蔺646500

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第11期1395-1399,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的调查分析古蔺县某职业中学学生对新冠肺炎相关知识认知现状和差异,为学校复工复学和相关健康教育开展提供借鉴和参考。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,从各年级随机抽取400名学生参加调查,共调查1 200名学生。采用SPSS 18.0软件对问卷进行信度和效度分析。结果问卷有效率95.58%(1 147/1 200),量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.724;累积贡献率为55.26%,最大因子负荷>0.5,共同度值>0.4,调查量表具有较好的信度和效度。新冠肺炎相关知识的来源主要为"自媒体"(S1)、"电视或广播"(S2)和"居委会或村委会告知"(U4),知识来源百分比均>86%。98.95%的学生对新冠肺炎疫情高度关注,98.25%的学生对非官方来源的新冠肺炎疫情消息做到"不信谣、不传谣"。新冠肺炎相关知识总体知晓率较高(84.39%),防护措施知晓率(90.88%)>流行病学特征知晓率(77.57%)>行为规范知晓率(68.13%)。男女学生在线下宣传方式(U3),线上宣传方式(S1、S2、S3),流行病学特征(C1、C2、Q3),防护措施(F2,F3),行为规范(G2),情景模拟(J1、J2、J4)的认知差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情应急健康教育宣传取得良好效果,学生对新冠肺炎相关知识总体认知较高,但对于流行病学特征和行为规范方面的个别知识点认知较差,有待进一步开展有针对性的学校健康教育宣传,从而达到预防新冠肺炎疫情在学校发生和蔓延的可能。Objective To investigate the status of knowledge about novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)among the students of a vocational middle School in Gulin County so as to provide reference for the resumption of school work and health education. Methods 400 students were randomly selected from each grade by using a stratified random sampling method,and a total of 1 200 students were investigated. SPSS18.0 was used to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results The effective rate of the questionnaire was 95.58%(1 147/1 200). Cronbach’s αcoefficient was 0.724,the cumulative contribution rate was 55.26%, the maximal factor load was >0.5, and the common degree was >0.4,which indicates the questionnaire had good reliability and validity.The main sources of knowledge about NCP were"self-media"(S1),"TV or radio"(S2) and "notice from neighborhood committee or village committee"(U4). 98.95% of the students were highly concerned about the epidemic situation of NCP,and 98.25% of the students did not believe or spread rumors about the epidemic situation of NCP from non-official sources. The overall awareness rate of NCP was highest(84.39%),followed by the awareness rate of protective measures(90.88%), the awareness rate of epidemiological characteristics(77.57%) and the awareness rate of behavioral norms(68.13%). Male and female students showed significant cognitive differences towards NCP in offline(U3),online(S1,S2,S3),epidemiological features(C1,C2,Q3),protective measures(F2,F3),behavioral norms(G2) and scenario simulation(J1, J2, J4)(P<0.05). Conclusion The health education on the emergency response to NCP has achieved good results. The students have a high general knowledge about NCP. However,the cognition of some points of epidemiological characteristics and behavioral norms of NCP is poor. Therefore,it is necessary to carry out targeted health education in schools,so as to prevent the occurrence and spread of NCP in schools.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 调查 知晓率 学校 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R183[医药卫生—内科学]