门诊乙肝患者乙肝防治知识-态度-行为情况及影响因素分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior and Influencing Factors of Hepatitis B Prevention and Treatment in Patients With Hepatitis B

作　　者：杨凤[1] 王容[1] 李毅[1] 蒋远明[1] 赵川[1] YANG Feng;WANG Rong;LI Yi;JIANG Yuanming;ZHAO Chuan(Suining Central Hospital,Suining City 629000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]遂宁市中心医院,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第11期1460-1466,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省医学会科研课题(项目编号:Q17077)。

摘　　要：目的调查乙肝患者有关乙肝防治知识、态度、行为情况及影响因素,为减缓疾病进展、提高患者生命质量和减少乙肝病毒(HBV)的传播等防控工作的开展提供参考依据。方法以2018年在遂宁市中心医院门诊就诊的慢性乙肝(CHB)患者为调查对象,采用自制问卷收集调查对象的人口学特征、乙肝防治知识、态度和行为,数据采用EpiData 3.0软件录入,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析采用卡方检验、秩和检验和多因素Logistic回归分析,以P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果 2 042名乙肝患者纳入本次研究中,年龄范围19~74岁,平均年龄(43.21±12.79)岁。乙肝防治知识、态度、行为总的平均分为(11.12±4.11)分(总分为20分,以≥12分判为得分良好),其中乙肝防治知识均分为(6.94±2.33)分,态度均分为(2.17±1.21)分,行为均分为(2.01±1.42)分。乙肝防治知识方面,"接种乙肝疫苗就不会感染乙肝病毒"和"接受纹身等美容项目可能会感染乙肝病毒"回答正确率偏低,分别为27.82%、28.26%和31.0%,乙肝防治态度方面,60.48%"赞成乙肝女性怀孕",31.10%的人认为"患病后感觉被孤立或歧视"。乙肝防治行为方面,有63.08%的人接受有创性美容服务,仅有22.48%性生活时使用避孕套。单因素分析显示,两组(总得分≥12分组和总得分<12分组)患者在年龄、病程、经济收入、文化程度和知识来源途径数方面的差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),而性别、医保类型和职业间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,乙肝患者年龄越大(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.36~2.46;OR=2.07,95%CI:1.89~3.88),其乙肝防治知识总得分低;病程越长(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.66~0.89;OR=0.69,95%CI:0.53~0.79)、大专及以上文化程度(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.52~0.77)、知识来源途径数≥3条(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.65~0.93)的乙肝患者其乙肝防治知识总得分高(P<0.05)。结论乙肝患者对乙肝的传播途径了解不够,患病后自我感觉Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and behavior of prevention and treatment of hepatitis b in outpatients of Suining central hospital, to provide reference and basis for the prevention and control work of slowing down disease progression,so that to improve patients’ life quality and reduce the transmission of hepatitis b virus(HBV). Methods Patients with chronic hepatitis b(CHB) who were admitted to the outpatient department of Suining central hospital in 2018 were investigated. Demographic characteristics,knowledge-attitude-behavior of hepatitis b prevention and treatment were collected by self-made questionnaire survey. The data was input by Epi Data and analyzed by SPSS 20.0, and influencing factors were analyzed by chi-square test, rank sum testand multivariate logistic regression. The difference was statistically significant P<0.05. Results After data collation, total2042 patients with CHB were finally included in this study. The age range was 19-74 years old,and the average age was(43.21 ± 12.79) years old. The total average score of knowledge-attitudebehavior of hepatitis b prevention and treatment was(11.12±4.11)(The total score was 20 points,with score ≥12 as Good),and the average score of hepatitis b prevention and treatment knowledge was(6.94±2.33),the average score of attitude was(2.17±1.21),and that of behavior was(2.01±1.42). In terms of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge,the accuracy rate of"vaccination will not infect hepatitis B virus" and "getting tattoos and other beauty items may infect hepatitis B virus" were relatively low, which was 27.82%, 28.26% and 31.0% respectively. In terms of hepatitis B prevention and treatment attitude, 60.48% of them "approve of hepatitis B women’s pregnancy",and 31.10% of them thought that"they feel isolated or discriminated after being ill".In the aspect of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B, about 63.08% people received invasive cosmetology services, and only 22.48% people used condoms in their sexual life. According to th

关 键 词：乙肝 健康教育 知识-态度-行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]