新型柔性导流坝下游断面水流分布特性试验  

A laboratory study on the flow distribution on a cross-section downstream of a new type of flexible dike

作　　者：郭婷 姚宇[1,3] 刘璟 李鑫斐 邓斌 蒋昌波[1,3] 唐梦君 GUO Ting;YAO Yu;LIU Jing;LI Xin-fei;DEND Bin;JIANG Chang-bo;TANG Meng-jun(School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;CCCC (Tianjin) Eco-Environmental Protection Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd.,Tianjin 300461, China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,长沙410114 [2]中交(天津)生态环保设计研究院有限公司,天津300461 [3]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,长沙410114

出　　处：《水道港口》2020年第5期571-577,共7页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07203-005)。

摘　　要：为了给水生植被修复工程提供一种潜在的解决方案,文章通过物理模型试验研究了一种主坝与支坝相结合的新型柔性坝下游断面的水流分布特性。分别测试了不同淹没度、流量和支坝角度组合下,坝后断面水平流速和相对于无坝时流速变化率的垂向分布。研究表明:当相对淹没度较小时,水流主要通过下层的坝体透过,水体上层流速减小,下层流速增大,减速区在近表层;当相对淹没度为增大时,水流可翻越坝体通过,上层流速增大,下层流速减小,减速区在近底层。坝后断面水平流速的垂向分布规律受入流流量变化的影响不大,且垂线上的流速随着流量的增大而增加;断面流速变化率的垂向分布在3个流量级试验下趋于一致。主坝与支坝呈90°夹角时对坝后断面下层水流流速的垂向分布的改变最大,水流流速的变化率随着夹角的增大而增大。In order to provide a feasible solution for aquatic vegetation restoration project,the flow distribution on the cross-section downstream of a new type of flexible dike consisting of the main dike and the branch dikes was investigated by physical model experiments in this paper.The vertical distribution of the streamwise velocity as well as the velocity variation rate compared to the case without the dike on the downstream cross-section were measured under a series of relative dike submergences,inflow rates and angles between the main dike and the branch dikes.The results show that when the relative dike submergence is small,most flow can pass through the dike within the lower portion of water column,thus the velocity within the upper portion decreases while it within the lower portion increases.The flow deceleration zone appears near the surface.When the relative submergence is large,most flow can pass over the dike within the upper portion of water column.Thus,the velocity within the lower portion decreases while it within the upper portion increases.The deceleration zone occurs near the bottom.The distribution of streamwise velocity on the downstream cross-section is not significantly affected by the variation of inflow rate.The velocity on its vertical profile increases with the increase of inflow rate.The vertical profiles of velocity variation rate on the cross-section among the three test inflow rates are similar.When the angle between the main dike and the branch dikes is 90°,the change of the vertical velocity distribution on the cross-section is the most prominent.The velocity variation rate increases with the increasing angle between the main dike and the branch dikes.

关 键 词：柔性导流坝 流速分布 流速变化率 水槽试验 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV131.4[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]