中国环境污染治理中的公众参与问题——基于动态空间面板模型的实证研究  

Public Participation in Pollution Control in China——Empirical Research based on Spatial Dynamic Panel Data Model

作　　者：屈文波[1] 李淑玲 QU Wenbo;LI Shuling(Economy and Financial Institute,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期1-10,共10页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：陕西省社科基金项目“陕西省雾霾污染损失评估、影响因素及综合防治对策研究”(2018D22)。

摘　　要：前期研究重点关注正式环境规制的减排效应,却较少关注公众参与这种非正式环境规制的减排效应。基于2000—2017年省级面板数据,运用动态空间面板模型实证考察三种不同空间权重矩阵下公众参与对环境污染的直接效应,检验公众参与是否能够通过政府正式环境规制对环境污染产生影响。结果发现:(1)总体上公众参与度的提高能够显著抑制污染排放,但却存在地区差异,公众参与仅对东部地区降低环境污染起促进作用,对中、西部地区尚未表现出显著影响。(2)公众参与能够通过政府正式环境规制对污染排放产生影响,但通过影响政府环境立法、环境执法的作用尚不明显,通过影响政府环境经济规制、环境污染治理投资则能够起到抑制污染排放的作用。(3)环境污染在时间维度上具有明显的"累加效应",在空间维度上具有明显的"溢出效应",并且环境污染的动态持续"累加效应"大于空间"溢出效应"。分地区看,西部地区环境污染的动态累加效应更为明显,中部地区环境污染的空间溢出效应更为明显,说明中、西部地区污染治理形势更为严峻。即使替换不同空间权重矩阵,以上回归结果仍然稳健。Previous research focused more on emissions reduction effects of formal environmental regulations, but less on emissions reduction effects of public participation in such informal environmental regulations. Based on the provincial panel data from 2000 to 2017, this paper empirically examined the direct effects of public participation on environmental pollution under three different spatial weight matrices by using dynamic spatial panel model, and then tested whether public participation can affect environmental pollution through influencing government’s formal environmental regulations. The results show that:(1)Generally speaking, the improvement of public participation can significantly inhibit pollution emissions, but there are regional differences. Public participation only promotes the reduction of environmental pollution in the eastern region, but has not yet shown a significant impact on the central and western regions.(2)Public participation can influence pollution emissions through influencing the government’s formal environmental regulation policies, but the effect of influencing the government’s environmental legislation and environmental law enforcement is not obvious, and the effect of inhibiting pollution emissions can be achieved through influencing the government’s environmental economic regulation and environmental pollution control investment.(3)Environmental pollution has an obvious "cumulative effect" in the time dimension and an obvious "spillover effect" in the spatial dimension, and the dynamic continuous "additive effect" of environmental pollution is greater than the spatial "overflow effect". In terms of different regions, the dynamic cumulative effect of environmental pollution in the western region is more obvious, and the spatial spillover effect of environmental pollution in the central region is more obvious, indicating that the situation of pollution control in the central and western regions is more severe. Even if different spatial weight matrices are replaced, the above r

关 键 词：环境污染 公众参与 动态效应和调节效应 区域差异 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]