植被茂密山区地质灾害遥感解译方法研究  

Remote Sensing Interpretation Method of Geological Hazards in LushMountainous Area

作　　者：王绚 范宣梅[1] 杨帆[1] 董秀军[1] WANG Xuan;FAN Xuanmei;YANG Fan;DONG Xiujun(State Key Laboratory of Geohazards Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2020年第11期1771-1781,共11页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(41521002);四川省国土资源科研项目(KJ-2018-22)。

摘　　要：受茂密植被覆盖的影响,采用传统的光学遥感影像解译方法无法实现对历史地质灾害的准确识别与精细遥感解译。近年来,激光雷达技术(light detection and ranging,LiDAR)的发展为植被茂密山区地质灾害解译带来了新途径。以九寨沟震区为例,基于高精度机载LiDAR数据,采用红色立体地图(red relief image map,RRIM)数据处理方法,避免了数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)山体阴影的不利影响,提出了崩塌、滑坡和泥石流灾害的地貌识别标志与遥感解译方法,提高了植被茂密山区地质灾害遥感解译的精度与准确性。共解译九寨沟震区熊猫海区域震前地质灾害311处,总面积约11.8 km2,在此基础上分析了震前地质灾害的空间分布特征,可以为九寨沟震区地质灾害防治与风险评价提供数据支撑。Objectives:Traditional methods for remote sensing interpretation are difficult to identify historical geohazards covered by dense vegetation.For the purpose of interpreting the pre-seismic geohazards in the area of Panda Sea,Jiuzhaigou,and analyze the characteristics and distribution law,we propose a new methodology for geomorphologic identification masks and remote sensing interpretation regarding collapse,landslide and debris flow.Methods:Based on high-resolution LiDAR(light detection and ranging)data and data processing method of RRIM(red relief image map).RRIM is formed by the superposition of positive openness,negative openness and slope.RRIM method can supplement the shortcomings of the existing terrain visualization techniques,and apply the influence of environmental light to the terrain display,so that the visual interpretation can clearly identify the differences of landforms,and is more conducive to the identification and accurate interpretation of geohazards in mountainous areas.Results:Aiming at the Panda Sea area,which is the most seriously affected by Jiuzhaigou earthquake,the RRIM method is used to interpret the pre-seismic geohazards.A total of 311 pre-earthquake pre-seismic geohazards are interpreted and classified according to their characteristics,then are analyzed for spatial distribution.Conclusions:The verified results show that the high-resolution LiDAR data combined with RRIM is of great significance to improve the interpretation of geohazards of mountainous area with dense vegetation coverage,and provide data support for the geohazards prevention and risk assessment of the earthquake area in Jiuzhaigou.

关 键 词：九寨沟地震 地质灾害 遥感解译 激光雷达技术 红色立体地图 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]