钻井过程中保护低渗特低渗油气层的必要性、重要性与发展趋势  

Protecting the Low Permeability and Ultra-low Permeability Pay Zones During Drilling:Necessity,Importance and Developing Tendency

作　　者：蒋官澄[1,2] 程荣超 谭宾[4] 董腾飞 贾东民 吕开河[6] 彭春耀 白杨[8] 李斌[9] JIANG Guancheng;CHEN Rongchao;TAN Bin;DONG Tengfei;JIA Dongmin;LYU Kaihe;PENG Chunyao;BAI Yang;LI Bin(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249;CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited,Beijing 102206;CCDC Drilling Fluid Technical Service Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610056;Bohai Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute,Renqiu,Hebei 062550;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580;CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company,Beijing 100011;Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500;CNOOC China United Coalbed Methane Corporation Jinxi Branch,Luliang,Shanxi 030000)

机构地区：[1]油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249 [3]中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司钻井液所,北京102206 [4]川庆钻探工程有限公司,成都610056 [5]渤海钻探工程技术研究院,河北任丘062550 [6]中国石油大学(华东),山东青岛266580 [7]长城钻探钻井液分公司,北京100011 [8]西南石油大学,成都610500 [9]中海油中联煤层气有限责任公司晋西分公司,山西吕梁030000

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2020年第4期405-411,共7页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：国家“十三五”重大专项“复杂结构井、丛式井设计与控制新技术”(2017ZX05009-003);国家自然科学基金面上项目“钻探天然气水合物中井壁稳定性及钻井液低温流变性的控制方法研究”(51474231);国家自然科学创新研究群体“复杂油气井钻井与完井基础研究”(51521063)。

摘　　要：钻井过程中钻井液对低渗特低渗油气层的损害程度通常较中、高渗油气层大得多,但多年来部分人认为,需压裂投产的低渗特低渗油气藏,因压裂可解除油气层损害而勿需在钻井过程中采取保护油气层措施,因而对油气井产量和经济效益带来不利影响。阐述了低渗特低渗油气层损害机理的特殊性以及损害程度的严重性;依据现场实际产量数据,充分说明了钻井过程中采用效果优良的保护油气层钻井液技术有助于大幅度提高压裂后单井日产量;结合国际趋势和中国油气工业发展战略需求,阐述了将来的发展方向和趋势。不仅对提高保护油气层效果、单井产量以及油田总体经济效益具有适用价值,而且对钻井液技术的发展和中国模式“页岩革命”的建立也具有一定指导意义。In drilling operation,damage of drilling fluids to reservoir formations with low or ultra-low permeability is higher than the damage of the drilling fluids to reservoir formations with medium or high permeability.Some reservoir specialists have long thought that low-or ultra-low permeability reservoirs that need to be fractured before being put into production do not need reservoir protection measures during drilling operation because fracturing job can eliminate the negative effect of drilling fluids to the reservoir formations.This opinion has badly affected the productivity of oil and gas wells.This paper explains the particularity of the damage mechanisms of low-and ultra-low permeability reservoirs and the severity of the damage.It proves that,using the field production data,excellent reservoir protection drilling fluid technology is helpful to the great enhancement of the daily production rate of a well after being fractured.This paper also elaborates the development direction and trend of reservoir protection based on the international trend and the strategic requirements of the development of China’s oil and gas industry.The ideas described in this paper are of not only applicable value to the enhancement of reservoir protection efficiency,the daily production rate of a single well and the overall economic benefit of a whole oilfield,they also have certain guiding significance to the development of drilling fluid technology and the establishment of Chinese-style“shale-gas revolution”.

关 键 词：防止地层损害 水基钻井液 特低渗储藏 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TE254.3[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]