急性呼吸衰竭急救的研究进展  

Research Progress in First-aid of Acute Respiratory Failure

作　　者：李晶伟 艾美梅 LI Jingwei;AI Meimei(Department of Emergency,the First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Air Force Military Medical University,Xi′an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学第一附属医院急诊科,西安710032

出　　处：《医学综述》2020年第22期4489-4493,共5页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：急性呼吸衰竭是临床常见的危重症,起病急、病死率高,目前以缓解临床不适症状、提高肺通气与氧合功能、改善患者舒适为治疗目的。现阶段针对急性呼吸衰竭的急救治疗方法很多,体外膜肺、液体通气治疗以及各种呼吸技术等均在临床开展,使得急性呼吸衰竭患者的急救成功率显著上升。但不同治疗方案的使用范围及效果不尽相同,因此明确各种治疗方案生物学作用、适应证及禁忌证、规范临床操作及使用原则,对增强临床治疗效果、提高安全性具有关键作用。Acute respiratory failure is a common critical illness in clinic,with an acute onset and a high mortality.At present,the purpose of treatment is to relieve the clinical discomfort symptoms,improve lung ventilation and oxygenation functions,and improve the comfortable level of the patients.There are many first-aid treatments for acute respiratory failure,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,liquid ventilation therapy,and various breathing techniques have been carried out clinically,which has significantly increased the success rate of first aid for patients with acute respiratory failure.However,the scope and effects of different treatment options are also different,therefore,clarifying the biological effects,indications and contraindications of various treatment options,and standardizing the clinical operations and principles of use are of critical significance for improving the effectiveness and safety of the clinical treatment.

关 键 词：急性呼吸衰竭 急救 呼吸支持 体外膜肺 液体通气 纤支镜肺泡灌洗 

分 类 号：R563.8[医药卫生—呼吸系统]