汉语疑问代词的词化模式与类型特点  

The lexicalization and typological characteristics of Chinese interrogative pronouns

作　　者：盛益民 SHENG Yimin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中文系 [2]复旦大学现代语言学研究院

出　　处：《中国语文》2020年第6期714-730,768,共18页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：复旦大学人文社科青年融合创新团队项目与复旦大学亚洲研究中心2019年度项目的支持。

摘　　要：本文根据63种汉语方言的样本材料,讨论汉语方言疑问代词的词化模式问题。根据不同本体意义拥有专门疑问语素的难易程度,文章得到如下入库等级序列:{处所-选择,数量}>{事物-类别}>{方式,人,程度}>{行为,原因,时间}>性状。文章进一步分别考察了疑问语素的来源方式以及非入库本体意义的具体编码策略。在此基础上,文章总结了汉语方言疑问代词词化模式的类型学特点。Based on the samples of 63 Chinese dialects,this paper focuses on the lexicalization of interrogative pronouns in Chinese and speculates on the question of what models are involved in their lexicalization.Depending on whether there are specific interrogative morphemes for each ontological meaning,the coding hierarchy of ontological meanings can be described as follows:{place-selection,amount}>{thing-property}>{manner,person,extent}>{action,reason,time}>quality.Besides,this article also discusses the origin of interrogative morphemes and the coding strategy of some other ontological meanings before summarizing the typological characteristics of interrogative pronouns in Chinese.

关 键 词：疑问代词 疑问语素 本体意义 词化模式 类型特点 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]