急性肺栓塞患者发病与季节变化的关系分析  

Correlation between the incidence of acute pulmonary embolism and seasonal change

作　　者：刘翠景[1] 靳占义 王岳恒[3] 赵雅培[1] 谢迎新[1] 张立建[1] 张金文[4] 薛丽丽[1] LIU Cuijing;JIN Zhanyi;WANG Yueheng(Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis,East Branch of The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第二医院东院超声科,石家庄市050000 [2]河北省未成年犯管教所(医院) [3]河北医科大学第二医院心脏超声科 [4]河北医科大学第二医院血管外科,石家庄市050000

出　　处：《河北医药》2020年第23期3543-3546,3551,共5页Hebei Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨急性肺栓塞(PE)患者的发病趋势、基础疾病及高危因素是否存在季节变化规律,提高对急性PE的认识。方法回顾性分析2011年5月至2015年4月收治的823例急性PE患者的人口学发病趋势、分布趋势、临床表现、基础疾病及高危因素的季节分布特征。结果823例急性PE中男女发病年龄高峰均为55~70岁,且≥45岁患者女性发病例数及构成比高于男性,而<45岁则相反。四季发病年龄高峰均为55~70岁,且冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。急性PE发病高峰点为1月12日,发病高峰期为10月5日至次年4月20日,主要集中于深秋至初春。气短、胸闷、咳嗽为主要首发症状,伴发基础疾病及高危因素种类较多,下肢深静脉血栓、高血压、肺部感染排在前三位,但四季分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论急性PE的发生具有明显的年龄、季节集中趋势,临床症状多且无特异性,伴发基础疾病及高危因素种类多且无季节差异。Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary embolism(PE)trend,clinical manifestations,basic diseases and the seasonal distribution characteristics and risk factors,to improve the understanding for PE.Methods The demographic pathogenesis trend,seasonal distribution of disease,clinical manifestations,basic diseases and risk factors in 823 patientts with PE who were admitted and treated in our hospital from May 2011 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 823 patients with acute PE,the average peak age of incidence for both men and women patients was at 55~70 years,moreover,the incidence cases and constituent ratio in female patients with age being≥45 years were higher than those in male patients,however,which was just opposite in female patients with age being<45 years.The incidence peak age ranged from 45 to 70 years in the four seasons,and winter was the most susceptible season,autumn the second,spring the third and summer the last.The peak incidence day was on January 12th,while the peak period lasted from October 5th to April 20th the next year or from late autumn to early spring in traditional terms.In addition chest tightness,shortness of breath,and cough were the main clinical symptoms.The high-risk factors were lower limb deep venous thrombosis,high blood pressure,and pulmonary infection in order,but there was no significant difference in the distribution of those categories over the four seasons of the year(P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence of acute PE has obvious central tendency of age and season,and patient’s clinical symptoms are varied and non-specific.Moreover the seasonal distribution difference according to basic diseases and risk factors of acute PE is not significant.

关 键 词：肺栓塞 静脉血栓栓塞症 深静脉血栓形成 季节 流行病学 

分 类 号：R563.5[医药卫生—呼吸系统]