脑机融合技术的哲学审思  

Philosophical Reflection on Brain-Machine Integration Technology

作　　者：张学义[1] 潘平平 庄桂山[3] ZHANG Xue-yi;PAN Ping-ping;ZHUANG Gui-shan(Department of Philosophy&Science,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Nanjing Research Center,HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD.,Nanjing,210012,China;Chengxian College,Southeast University,Nanjing 210088,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学哲学与科学系,南京211189 [2]华为技术有限公司南京研究所,南京210012 [3]东南大学成贤学院,南京210088

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2020年第6期76-82,共7页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“问题哲学理论前沿与理论创新研究”(18ZDA026);“技术创新哲学与中国自主创新的实践逻辑研究”(19ZDA040);江苏省道德发展高端智库。

摘　　要：脑机融合是以脑机接口为基础技术,包括脑-机、机-脑、脑-脑等不同信息传输方式的技术统称。在理想状态下的脑机融合系统中,大脑与电脑等外部设备彼此互相适应、协同工作,大脑与大脑之间传递信息互通有无,实现生物脑的感知认知能力与机器的高速计算、处理能力的完美结合。虽然该技术目前还停留在探索性试验阶段,但蕴含着广阔的应用前景和巨大的现实空间。在该技术的潜在图景还未完全实现之前,有必要进行深入的哲学审视:脑机融合融合了人-机-物,却有可能造成彼此类属关系的混乱,从而对人-机-物的本体论结构进行重构,同时引发价值体系的重塑和隐私的编码化、可视化,促使人类步入“超人类主义”与“后人类主义”时代。Brain-machine integration is a general term of brain-machine interface technology,which integrates different information transmission methods including brain-to-machine,machine-to-brain,and brain-to-brain.In the ideal brain-machine integrated system,the information is transmitted between brain and computer or between brain and brain,and the brain and external devices adapt to each other and work together so as to realize the perfect combination of the biological brain’s cognitive ability and the machine’s high-speed computing and processing ability.Although the technology is still in the stage of medical auxiliary treatment and scientific experiments,there is a vast space for development and huge realistic possibility.Before the technology is fully realized,it is necessary to have an in-depth philosophical and ethical reflection:brain-machine integration integrates human-machine-object,but it may cause the confusion between the concepts of belonging to each other,the reconstruction of the ontological structure of human-machine-object,and the coding and visualization of human privacy,which further lead to the dilemma to be snooped,and promote mankind to enter the era of“Transhumanism”and“Post-humanism”.

关 键 词：脑机融合 脑机接口 混合智能系统 数字化生存 本体论重构 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]