奇点理论:技术“复魅”世界?——批判地阅读库兹韦尔的《奇点临近》  

Theory of Singularity:The Re-enchantment of World through Technology?--Critical Reading of Kurzweil’s The Singularity Is Near

作　　者：朱彦明[1] ZHU Yan-ming(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Huaqiao University,Xiamen Fujian 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学哲学与社会发展学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2020年第6期83-88,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“问题哲学理论前沿与理论创新研究”(18ZDA026)。

摘　　要：库兹韦尔的《奇点临近》表达了一种乐观的技术进化思想,它认为技术发展一旦趋近“奇点”,就会撕裂人类历史结构,带来意想不到的改变,包括解决环境污染、世界性贫困以及饥饿等问题,甚至还可以超越人的生物限度,实现长生不死。在奇点理论中,技术不再是现代性语境中“除魅”世界的理智化力量,而是被着上了宗教的灵韵和救赎的魔力,变成了一种“复魅”世界的力量。因此,奇点理论表达的是一种“技术宗教”。文章认为,这种“复魅”世界带有一定的虚假性和欺骗性,因为它根本不是指向人类共同体的价值,相反却服务于机械竞争的发展逻辑。它本质上仍然是虚无主义的形式。The Singularity Is Near by Ray Kurzweil expresses an optimistic idea of technological evolution,which holds that once technological development approaches“singularity”,it will tear apart the historical structure of human beings,bring about unexpected changes,including solving problems such as environmental pollution,world poverty and hunger,and can even transcend the biological limitations of human beings and achieve immortality.In this respect,The Singularity Is Near no longer regards technology as a rational force of the“disenchantment”of world in the context of modernism,which makes the technology become a kind of power of the“re-enchantment”of world because of its spiritual charm of religion and the magic of redemption.This is the“religion of technology”it expresses.However,in any case,this kind of“re-enchantment”of world has certain falsehood and deceit,because it does not point to the value of human community at all,but serves the development logic of mechanical competition.It is still a form of nihilism in essence.

关 键 词：奇点 技术 宗教 技术乐观主义 虚无主义 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]