人类认知-行为系统的演化与莫拉维克悖论  

Evolution of Human Cognitive-Behavioral System and“Moravec’s paradox”

作　　者：吕乃基 LYU Nai-ji(Institute of Higher Vocational Education,Changzhou Institute of Information Technology,Changzhou Jiangsu 213164,China;School of Humanities,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]常州信息职业技术学院高职研究所,江苏常州213164 [2]东南大学人文学院,南京210096

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2020年第6期95-100,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

摘　　要：人的认知-行为系统的演化经历若干阶段——哺乳动物的认知-行为系统,分别与语言和文字相应的认知-行为系统,科技认知-行为系统,以及与计算机语言相应的认知-行为系统。莫拉维克悖论涉及儿童的认知-行为系统,由生物重演律可知,实际上相当于人类早期的哺乳动物认知-行为系统。“悖论”表明,人的认知-行为系统在演化过程中有得有失;在越来越抽象之时,在一定程度上失去人类所继承的哺乳动物的认知-行为能力,也就是在当下和全局对语境及其中的对象加以判断和行动的能力。就莫拉维克悖论而言,人工智能未来的发展可能有三种途径:其一,回过头来攻克悖论;其二,置悖论于不顾,沿认知-行为系统的演化途径绝尘而去;其三,前行与回头相结合。Human cognitive-behavioral system has roughly experienced the following stages of development: mammalian cognitive-behavioral system;cognitive system corresponding to language and words;scientific and technological cognitive-behavioral system;cognitive-behavioral system corresponding to computer language.Moravek’s paradox involves children’s cognitive behavior system which is actually equivalent to the early mammalian cognitive-behavioral system of human beings in terms of the biogenetic law.The “Paradox” shows that human cognitive behavior system has gains and losses in the process of evolution. When it becomes more and more abstract, it loses the cognitive behavior ability of mammals inherited by human beings to a certain extent-that is, the ability to judge and act on the context and the objects in it at the present and overall situation. As far as Moravek’s paradox is concerned, there may be three ways for the future development of artificial intelligence: first, going back and conquer the paradox;second, ignoring the paradox and take the evolutionary path of cognitive-behavioral system;and third, a combination of both.

关 键 词：莫拉维克悖论 生物重演律 认知-行为系统 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]