关于信息概念、分类和动力学性质的哲学对话  

Philosophical Dialogue on the Concept,Classification and Dynamics of Information

作　　者：王萍[1] 邬焜[1] 迪肯 舍曼 WANG Ping;WU Kun;Terrence Deacon;Jeremy Sherman(The Department of Philosophy,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;The Department of Anthropology,University of California,Berkeley CA 94701,USA)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学哲学系,西安710049 [2]加州大学伯克利分校人类学系,加州94701

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2020年第6期121-128,共8页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“信息哲学的历史、现状与未来”(18ZDA027)。

摘　　要：对话双方就香农信息论的观点达成一致,但指出信息的本质问题仍需廓清。迪肯指出信息不是某物的内在特质,强调解释者的重要作用;邬焜则认为信息相对于人的主观解释的独立性,信息应从其呈现的内容上予以规定。迪肯基于约束和做功的物理性机制,建立起从申农(句法),到申农-玻尔兹曼(语义),再到申农-玻尔兹曼-达尔文(规范性)的三层级动力学机制;邬焜的信息哲学则用物质在相互作用中引起的相互改变的过程和结果来解释信息的动态发生过程。双方均承认信息与物质一样都具有本体论地位,但迪肯认为信息总是关于某物的在场之于不在场的关系;邬焜则强调了双重存在的世界,并对迪肯提出的潜在信息一词所可能带来的概念混淆给予反驳。Both sides of the dialogue agreed on Shannon’s information theory,but pointed out that the essential problem of information still required to be clarified.Deacon indicated that information is not the intrinsic feature of something,emphasizing that there is no information without interpretation.Wu explained the independence of information relative to human subjective interpretation,and information should be defined from the content it presents.Based on the physical mechanism of restraint and work,Deacon established the hierarchical dynamics of three levels from Shannon(syntax),Shannon-Boltzmann(semantic)to Shannon-Boltzmann-Darwin(normative).Wu’s philosophy of information considered the dynamic process of generating information as the processes of and results from interactions among matter.Both sides agreed that information has the same ontological status as matter.Deacon emphasized that information is the relationship of absence and presence,while Wu stressed the world of dual existence,and refuted the conceptual confusion that may be brought about by the concept potential information proposed by Deacon.

关 键 词：信息 约束 动力学 潜在信息 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]