高应力区岩石能量耗散、损伤及脆性特征研究  

Characteristics of Energy Dissipation,Damage and Brittleness of Rocks in High Stress Zone

作　　者：成伟[1] 赵立财 王学军[3] 高立明[4] CHENG Wei;ZHAO Licai;WANG Xuejun;GAO Liming(China Railway 19th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100176,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,China;School of Civil Engineering,Liaoning Technology University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China;Chinese Academy of Geosciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十九局集团有限公司,北京100176 [2]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300354 [3]辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [4]中国地质科学院,北京100037

出　　处：《水力发电》2020年第12期36-40,共5页Water Power

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)资助项目(2014CB046803);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879189)。

摘　　要：为反映高应力区岩石力学性质,开展不同围压下高应力英安岩的常规三轴压缩试验,通过能量理论研究3种高应力区岩石的损伤累积和裂隙发展规律,并探讨其脆性特征。结果表明,从初始到弹性变形阶段,岩石吸收的能量几乎全部转化为可释放的弹性应变能;塑性变形阶段,弹性应变能占岩石吸收总能量的比例逐渐减小,耗散能逐渐增长;峰后阶段的弹性应变能骤降,耗散能剧增;岩石损伤累积与能量的耗散呈正相关,损伤演化过程近似"S"形发展;低围压下,岩石脆性指标更为敏感,脆性程度更强,围压增大促进岩石脆性程度降低。In order to reflect the mechanical properties of rocks in high stress areas,the conventional triaxial compression tests of dacite in high stress under different confining pressures are carried out.Based on energy theory,the law of rock damage accumulation and fracture development of three kinds of rocks in high stress area are studied,and its brittle characteristics are discussed.The results show that,(a)from the initial stage to the elastic deformation stage,almost all the energy absorbed by the rock is converted into the releasable elastic strain energy;(b)during the plastic deformation stage,the proportion of the elastic strain energy to the total energy absorbed by the rock decreases gradually,and the dissipation energy increases gradually;and(c)the elastic strain energy in the post-peak stage decrease sharply,and the dissipation energy increases dramatically.The rock damage accumulation is positively correlated with energy dissipation,and the damage evolution process is approximately"S"type development.Under the action of low confining pressure,the index of rock brittleness is more sensitive and the degree of brittleness is stronger,and the increase of confining pressure promotes the decrease of rock brittleness.

关 键 词：岩石力学 高应力 能量耗散 损伤 脆性特征 

分 类 号：TU458[建筑科学—岩土工程]