微生物耦合铁碳微电解强化水生植物浮床对农村生活污水的深度处理  

Advanced treatment of rural domestic sewage by microbial coupling Fe-C micro electrolysis-enhanced floating bed of aquatic plants

作　　者：陈月芳 张宇琪 冯惠敏 刘哲 刘铮[3] CHEN Yuefang;ZHANG Yuqi;FENG Huimin;LIU Zhe;LIU Zheng(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants,Beijing 100083,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市工业污染物资源化处理重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2020年第11期3007-3020,共14页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07301005-003)。

摘　　要：为减少农村生活污水中有机物对河流水体的污染,以现有农村污水分散处理的一级出水为进水,研究了传统植物浮床、铁碳微电解和常规生物填料的耦合工艺对农村污水的处理效果。该耦合工艺应用物化反应、生物反应、化学反应为共生关系,建立人工生态系统,用以削减水体中的污染负荷。结果表明:微生物耦合铁碳微电解强化浮床在冬季对COD、TP、N H4+-N和TN的去除率分别可达到78.6%、78.2%、72.2%和73.3%,在夏季的去除率分别可以达到88.8%、75.6%、78.1%和80%;在冬季和夏季的耦合强化浮床中COD的降解速率分别达到2.933 mg·(L·d)-1和3.529 mg·(L·d)-1,TP的降解速率分别为0.055 mg·(L·d)-1和0.061 mg·(L·d)-1,N H4+-N的降解速率分别为0.583 mg·(L·d)-1和0.8 mg·(L·d)-1,TN的降解速率分别为0.73 mg·(L·d)-1和1.114 mg·(L·d)-1,均优于传统植物浮床与微生物强化浮床的作用效果;微生物耦合铁碳微电解强化浮床对植物的促生长作用明显强于传统浮床和微生物强化浮床,冬季实验前后植物增重为23.3 g,夏季植物增重达到67.4 g;耦合浮床中微生物活性是微生物强化浮床中的1.81倍和1.45倍;最后利用因子的相关性分析与主成分分析,结果进一步表明,由于微生物与铁碳微电解的协同作用促使微生物数量与活性的提升,进而对污染物去除效果产生重要影响。以上研究结果可为农村生活污水的深度处理提供技术支持。In order to reduce the pollution of organic matter in rural domestic sewage to river water body, the coupling processes of traditional plant floating bed, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis and conventional biological fillers were used to study its treating effect towards the first-grade effluent of existing rural sewage treatment.The coupling process took physical and chemical reactions, biological reactions and chemical reactions as symbiotic relationships, which can establish an artificial ecosystem to reduce the pollution load in water. The results showed that the removal rates of COD, TP, N H4+-N and TN by the microbial coupling iron-carbon microelectrolysis-enhanced floating bed enhanced could reach 78.6%, 78.2%, 72.2% and 73.3%, respectively in winter. In summer, the removal rates could reach 88.8%, 75.6%, 78.1% and 80%, respectively. The COD degradation rates by the coupled enhanced floating bed in winter and summer reached 2.933 mg·(L·d)-1 and3.529 mg·(L·d)-1, respectively. The TP degradation rates were 0.055 mg·(L·d)-1 and 0.061 mg·(L·d)-1,NH4+-N degradation rates were 0.583 mg·(L·d)-1 and 0.8 mg·(L·d)-1, respectively. The TN degradation rates were 0.73 mg·(L·d)-1 and 1.114 mg·(L·d)-1, respectively. They were better than the treating effects of the traditional plant floating bed or microorganism enhancing floating bed. In addition, microbialcoupled iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-enhanced floating bed had a significantly stronger growth-promoting performance on plants than traditional floating bed and micro-enhanced floating bed. In winter, the plant weight gain before and after the experiment was 23.3 g, and in summer was 67.4 g. The microbial activity in the coupled floating bed was 1.81 and 1.45 times that in the microbal-enhanced floating bed. Finally, the correlation analysis and principal component analysis of the factors were used to further indicate that the synergistic effect of micro-electrolysis of iron and carbon promoted the increase of the number and activity of microorganisms,a

关 键 词：植物浮床 微生物 铁碳微电解 微生物耦合铁碳微电解 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]