河口滩涂围垦对水动力环境影响研究综述  

Review of impacts of tideland reclamation on hydrodynamic environment near estuarine area

作　　者：汤立群[1] 卢单 赵慧明[1] 周建康[2] 郭传胜[1] 刘大滨[1] TANG Liqun;LU Dan;ZHAO Huiming;ZHOU Jiankang;GUO Chuansheng;LIU Dabin(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,IWHR,Beijing 100048,China;College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2020年第6期78-84,共7页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0407503);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(SE0145B142017);中国水利水电科学研究院“十三五”创新团队支持项目(SE0145B572017)。

摘　　要：通过综述评价,认为河口滩涂利用对水动力环境的影响主要体现在:滩涂围垦使得工程水域的水动力环境发生改变,迫使原有的河床稳定状态重新调整;大量的泥沙淤积导致陆域向海发展,海岸发生改变,导致潮滩失去对潮能的存储与耗散作用,改变潮汐范围;大规模的围垦也会使河口缩窄,破坏滩涂的湿地形态,导致河流的行洪能力可能降低,使周边城镇易受洪涝灾害。提出应将滩涂利用对水动力、河口岸线变化和防洪御潮等方面的影响进行系统评价,以指导滩涂的高效利用与保护。The impacts of tideland reclamation on hydrodynamic environment near estuarine area were reviewed and evaluated.The hydrodynamic environment in the engineering water region can be changed by tideland reclamation,resulting in re-adjustment of the original stable river bed.Vast sediment accumulation can lead to the development of land area toward the sea,and coastlines can be altered.The effect of storage and dissipation of tidal energy by tidal flat can be lost,and the tidal range can be changed.Estuaries can be constricted and wetland morphology can be destructed by large scale reclamation,leading to possible reduction of flood discharge capacity of rivers and flood disasters impacted on surrounding towns.It is proposed that system evaluation should be performed for the impacts of tideland reclamation on hydrodynamics,estuary and coastline changes,flood and tide prevention so as to guide the efficient utilization and protection of tideland.

关 键 词：滩涂围垦 水动力环境 河口 海岸线 纳潮量 防洪排涝 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]