FMEA在环境实验室安全管理的应用与实践  

Application and practice of FMEA in environmental laboratory safety management

作　　者：靳明[1,2] 边刚 闰明涛[1,2] 杨瑜涛 JIN Ming;BIAN Gang;RUN Mingtao;YANG Yutao(National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Chemistry,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China;College of Chemistry and Environmental Science,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心,河北保定071002 [2]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2020年第10期284-287,292,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21807021);河北大学实验室开放项目(sy201834);河北大学化学院教改项目(H2-06006)。

摘　　要：FMEA是一种具备防患未然功能的风险评估和解决问题的管理方法。以环境工程实验室为例,该文探讨了FMEA理论在实验室危险源识别、风险评价和预防控制方面的应用。实施过程包含失效分析、风险评估和制定预防措施三阶段。实践结果证实:采用FMEA管理方法,可以延长仪器使用寿命、缩短故障停机时间、提高仪器利用率、降低仪器维护成本等。此外,针对实验废弃物,采用FMEA作为危险评估手段,能够分析实验室废弃物安全管理的控制点,制定相应的预防措施,有助于提高实验室安全管理水平。FMEA(failure mode and effect analysis)is a risk assessment and problem-solving management approach with preventive functions.By taking the environmental engineering laboratory as an example,this paper discusses the application of FMEA theory in laboratory hazard identification,risk assessment,prevention and control.The implementation process includes failure analysis,risk assessment and formulation of preventive measures.The practice results show that FMEA management method can prolong the service life of the instrument,shorten the downtime,improve the utilization rate of the instrument,reduce the maintenance cost of the instrument,etc.In view of laboratory waste,FMEA can be used as a risk assessment method to analyze the control points of laboratory waste safety management and formulate corresponding preventive measures,which is helpful to improve the level of laboratory safety management.

关 键 词：FMEA管理方法 实验室安全管理 实验室废弃物 仪器管理 

分 类 号：X921[环境科学与工程—安全科学] G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]