笼养白头鹮鹳行为时间分配与活动节律研究  

Study on Behavior Time Distribution and Activity Rhythm of Captive Mycteria Leucocephalus

作　　者：郭美 何勇[1] 刘讯[1] 张超 GUO Mei;HE Yong;LIU Xun(Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院,贵州贵阳550018 [2]贵州森林野生动物园,贵州贵阳550201

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第23期138-139,197,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州师范学院2019年大学生科研项目;贵州省级一流专业(生物科学)项目(教高厅函〔2019〕46号)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究白头鹮鹳(Mycteria leucocephala)行为时间分配,并初步探讨其活动节律。[方法]采用瞬时扫描记录法对贵州森林野生动物园救护的4只珍稀白头鹮鹳进行观察,观察时段为07:00~17:00,有效观察时间100 h。[结果]休息[(52.56±11.06)%]和清理[(26.88±5.55)%]是白头鹮鹳夏季最主要的行为;活动[(11.63±6.33)%]、警惕[(3.98±2.35)%]、取食[(2.75±2.92)%]、其他行为[(2.21±1.62)%]较低。休息出现峰值时段为07:00~08:00和16:00~17:00;清理与活动峰值分别出现在08:00~09:00和11:00~12:00。建议经常改变环境丰度,以减少白头鹮鹳的休息行为,增加活动、觅食和梳理等行为。[结论]该研究结果可为白头鹮鹳在笼养条件下的饲养管理、放归野外和保护等提供基础信息。[Objective]To study the behavior time distribution of Mycteria leucocephalus and further discuss its activity rhythm.[Method]Four rare M.leucocephala rescued from Guizhou Forest Wild Animal Park were observed by using instantaneous scanning recording method.The observation period was from 07:00 to 17:00,and the effective observation time was 100 h.[Result]Resting[(52.56±11.06)%]and grooming[(26.88±5.55)%]were the main behaviors of M.leucocephalus in summer,and the time proportion of moving[(11.63±6.33)%],vigilance[(3.98±2.35)%],feeding[(2.75±2.92)%]and others[(2.21±1.62)%]were lower.The resting peak emerged during 07:00-08:00 and 16:00-17:00,while the moving and grooming peaks occurred during 08:00-09:00 and 11:00-12:00.It was suggested to change the environmental abundance,so as to reduce the resting behaviors and increase moving,feeding and grooming behaviors.[Conclusion]The research results could provide some basic information for the feeding management under captive conditions and protection of M.leucocephalus.

关 键 词：笼养 白头鹮鹳 行为 时间分配 活动节律 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]