麻纺织产品基准水足迹的核算与评价  

Calculation and assessment of benchmark water footprint of hemp textile products

作　　者：陈必林 严芳英 王晓蓬 王来力 无 CHEN Bilin;YAN Fangying;WANG Xiaopeng;WANG Laili;无(School of Fashion Design&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Engineering Research Center of Clothing of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310018,China;Academy of Science and Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Academy of Ecological Civilization,Hangzhou 310018,China;Silk and Fashion Culture Research Center of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学服装学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省服装工程技术研究中心,浙江杭州310018 [3]浙江理工大学科学技术研究院,浙江杭州310018 [4]浙江省生态文明研究学院,浙江杭州310018 [5]浙江省丝绸与时尚文化研究中心,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《染整技术》2020年第11期15-19,32,共6页Textile Dyeing and Finishing Journal

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学课题一般项目(19NDJC235YB);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY20G030001);浙江理工大学基本科研业务费“青年创新专项”(2019Q081)。

摘　　要：为了量化与评价麻纺织产品生产过程中的水资源消耗与水环境影响情况,基于水足迹理论,结合国家标准中的取水定额与污水排放要求,对麻纺织产品生产工艺链的基准水足迹进行了核算与评价。结果表明:湿纺麻纱的基准蓝水足迹比干纺麻纱多70~200 m3;在相同的纺纱工艺下,苎麻纱的基准蓝水足迹比亚麻纱多50 m3;脱胶工序的特征污染物为总磷,印染工序的特征污染物为总磷和硫化物;亚麻产品的基准水短缺足迹约是苎麻产品的2~3倍,在原料相同的情况下,湿纺麻纱的基准水短缺足迹比干纺麻纱多5~20 m3 H2O eq/t;水劣化足迹的特征污染物源于脱胶与印染,其中水体富营养化足迹中总氮的影响最大,约占现有、新建和改扩建企业基准水体富营养化足迹的43.51%,约占特别地域范围企业基准水体富营养化足迹的47.91%;基准水酸化足迹为0.000462 kg SO2 eq/t,印染过程中的硫化物是造成水酸化的主要因素。In order to quantify and evaluate the impacts on water environment caused by the production of hemp textile products,the benchmark water footprints of hemp textile products were calculated and assessed based on the water footprint theory and the water intake quotas and effluent discharge standards.The results showed that the benchmark blue water footprint of wet spinning hemp yarn was 70~200 m3 more than that of dry spinning hemp yarn.Under the same spinning process,the benchmark blue water footprint of ramie yarn was 50 m3 more than that of linen yarn.The characteristic pollutant in degumming process was total phosphorus,and the characteristic pollutants in printing and dyeing process were total phosphorus and sulfide respectively.The benchmark water scarcity footprint of linen products was approximately 2~3 times of ramie products.The benchmark water scarcity footprints of wet spinning hemp yarn were approximately 5~20 m3 H2O eq/t more than those of dry spinning hemp yarn made by the same raw materials.The characteristic pollutant of water degradation footprint came from degumming and printing and dyeing.Total nitrogen was the most influential pollutant of water eutrophication footprints,accounting for 43.51%of the existing,new and expanded enterprises’benchmark water eutrophication foot-prints,and accounting for 47.91%of the enterprises in special region’s enterprises.The benchmark water acidification footprints,and accounting for 47.91%of the enterprises in special region’s enterprises.The benchmark water acidification footprint was 0.000462 kg SO2 eq/t and sulfide in printing and dyeing was the main factor that caused water acidification.

关 键 词：麻纺织产品 蓝水足迹 灰水足迹 水短缺足迹 水劣化足迹 

分 类 号：TS108.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]