城乡老年人精神健康差异及其原因分析  

Mental Health Differences between Urban and Rural Elderly and Its Causes

作　　者：陈斯诗 CHEN Sishi(Department of United Front Theory,Xiamen Municipal Party School,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]中共厦门市委党校统战理论教研室,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《人口与社会》2020年第6期38-49,共12页Population and Society

基　　金：2019年福建省党校系统中国特色社会主义理论体系研究基地课题“推进乡村振兴进程中的公平与效率研究”;2020年福建省党校系统中国特色社会主义理论体系研究基地课题“乡村振兴视野下闽南农村青年价值观研究”。

摘　　要：面对日益严重的人口老龄化,需提高对老年人精神健康的重视。基于CGSS2015数据,研究发现城乡老年人的精神健康存在较大差异,农村老年人精神健康水平普遍低于城镇老年人。主要原因一是农村老年人自我感知身体健康状况不佳的比例较高,导致其精神健康状况不佳;二是城乡老年人在社会资本、社会经济地位和公共服务满意度等方面的不同导致其精神健康水平的差异。政府可以从公共服务供给入手制定相关政策,根据城乡差异实施不同策略,城镇公共服务供给注重“质”上的提升,农村公共服务供给注重“量”上的增加,从而提高城乡老年人公共服务满意度,进而提高其精神健康水平。In the face of the increasing aging population,more attention needs to be paid to the mental health of the elderly.Based on CGSS2015 data,the study finds that the mental health of the elderly in urban and rural areas is quite different,and the mental health level of the elderly in rural areas is generally lower than that of the elderly in urban areas.The main reasons are as follows:firstly,the elderly in rural areas have a higher proportion of self-perceived poor physical health,leading to their poor mental health;secondly,the mental health level of the elderly in urban and rural areas is affected by their different social capital,socioeconomic status and public service satisfaction.The government can start with the supply of public services to formulate relevant policies and implement different strategies according to the differences between urban and rural areas.Urban public service supply should focus on the improvement of quality,while rural public service supply should focus on the increase of quantity,so as to improve the satisfaction of the elderly both in urban and rural areas,and thus improve their mental health level.

关 键 词：精神健康 城乡差异 公共服务供给 公共服务满意度 老龄化 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]