CMF的功能性及设计应用  

Functionality and Design Application of CMF

作　　者：左恒峰[1,2] ZUO Hengfeng(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Solent University,Southampton SO140YN,United Kingdom)

机构地区：[1]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084 [2]英国索伦特大学,南安普顿市SO140YN

出　　处：《工业工程设计》2020年第6期12-24,共13页INDUSTRIAL&ENGINEERING DESIGN

摘　　要：探讨在色彩、材料与(表面)工艺效果即CMF的创意设计实践中,充分发挥CMF的功能性,达到CMF的主观体验(包括感官、审美、情绪和意义方面的体验)和客观功效(CMF赋予产品与系统的功能)的最佳协调。这是设计师进行CMF设计时需要着力解决的问题。本文将围绕这一议题展开讨论与分析,以便为设计师提供参考性指导。通过文献研究、理论阐述和设计案例分析,对CMF常见的一些功能性问题,包括识别、自洁、吸音、变色、发光、抗菌、透气、磁性、生物医学等多种功能及其在设计中的应用进行系统阐述和梳理。一般情形下,CMF的主观体验和客观功效需要同步兼顾,在产生可能的冲突时,需要根据具体的设计对象确定优先权。CMF功能的区域化和梯度化以及多功能组合可以实现一材多用、事半功倍的目的。CMF的设计往往有多种方案,不同的方案对于美学和功能两者的兼顾与协调程度,包括实现的方式和代价都不尽相同。最终,需要在感知与美学体验、实际功能效果两个方面,并结合其他的制约因素,诸如工艺难度、成本、环保等进行综合权衡。The work aims to discuss the functionality of colour,materials and surface finish(CMF)in the creative design practice and achieve the balance between the subjective experience of CFM(including sensory,aesthetic,emotional and representative experience)and the objective effect(function of product and system endowed by CMF).This is one of the key problems that CMF designers endeavor to solve during CMF design.Discussion and analysis are carried out focusing on the topic to provide reference and guidance for designers.Through literature review,theoretical analysis and design case study,a number of functional issues of CMF and their design applications are systematically expounded and combed,including the visual attention and discrimination,selfcleaning,sound absorption,colour variation,light-emitting,anti-bacteria,air permeability,magnetism,and biomedical compatibility,etc.Generally,the subjective experience and objective effect of CMF need to be taken into account simultaneously.When possible conflicts arise,priority needs to be determined according to specific design objects.The regionalization and gradientization of CMF functions and combination of multi-functions can result in effective and efficient utilization of CMF.There are many solutions for CMF design,and different solutions have different degrees of consideration and coordination for aesthetics and function,including the way and cost of realization.In the end,it is necessary to make a comprehensive trade-off between perception and aesthetic experience,actual functional effect and other constraints,such as process difficulty,cost and environmental protection.

关 键 词：色彩 材料 表面工艺 功能 美学 

分 类 号：J524[艺术—艺术设计]