新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期公众心理调查  

Psychological status among inhabitants during early epidemic stage of COVID-19

作　　者：焦蓉 宋康兴 毕凤英 侯丰苏 闫世艳[5] 徐蕊[5] 罗丹[3] JIAO Rong;SONG Kangxing;BI Fengying;HOU Fengsu;YAN Shiyan;XU Rui;LUO Dan(The First Clinical College,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570100,Hainan Province,China;Department of Cardiology,the First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China;Department of Social Medicine and Health Management,Xiangya School of Public Health,Central South University,Changsha 410078,Hu'nan Province,China;Shenzhen Kangning Hospital,Shenzhen 518020,Guangdong Province,China;Institute of Clinical Basic Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院第一临床学院,海南海口570100 [2]解放军总医院第一医学中心心血管内科,北京100853 [3]中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理系,湖南长沙410078 [4]深圳市康宁医院公共卫生部,广东深圳518020 [5]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所临床评价中心,北京100700

出　　处：《解放军医学院学报》2020年第9期947-951,F0003,共6页Academic Journal of Chinese PLA Medical School

摘　　要：目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期公众的心理特征,为开展心理危机干预、提升公众健康水平提供参考。方法以横断面研究设计,采用自编一般情况问卷、广泛性焦虑量表、病人健康问卷抑郁量表、心理弹性量表以及自评压力条目,于2020年2月20日-2020年2月26日,通过网络问卷平台征募疫情期间在我国大陆地区居住的公众,进行网络问卷调查。结果3087例样本的平均年龄为(37.53±13.51)岁,男性占43.38%(1339人)。样本的焦虑、抑郁症状检出率分别为13.25%和14.09%。低学历、非医务人员、有基础疾病、已采取隔离措施、每天关注疫情时间长的样本焦虑症状检出率高于相应对照组(P均<0.05);已婚、低学历、非医务人员、已采取隔离措施的样本抑郁症状检出率高于相应对照组(P均<0.05)。心理压力得分与焦虑得分(r=0.395,P<0.01)、抑郁得分(r=0.379,P<0.01)均呈正相关关系;心理弹性得分与焦虑得分(r=-0.354,P<0.01)、抑郁得分(r=-0.379,P<0.01)均呈负相关关系。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期,公众的焦虑、抑郁、心理压力与隔离措施、学历、对疫情的关注度等因素相关,应展开针对性干预。Objective To investigate the psychological characteristics among inhabitants during early epidemic stage of COVID-19,and provide evidences for psychological crisis intervention and public-health improvements.Methods A self-designed general information questionnaire,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2(GAD-2),Patient Health Questionnaire 2(PHQ-2),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC-10)and the self-rating stress item were applied,then we conducted an internet-based questionnaire survey for inhabitants living in China's Mainland from February 20 to 26,2020 by a cross-sectional study.Results A total of 3087 people participated in and completed this survey.The average age of the sample was 37.53±13.51 years,and 43.38%of them were male.The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 13.25%and 14.09%,respectively.The subjects with lower education level,being non-medical staff,with medical disorder,under quarantine,and paying more attention to COVID-19 were more likely to be anxious(allP<0.05).The subjects who were married,with lower education level,being non-medical staff,and under quarantine were more likely to have depression(all P<0.05).Psychological stress was positively correlated with anxiety(r=0.395,P<0.01)and depression(r=0.379,P<0.01),while resilience was negatively correlated with anxiety(r=-0.354,P<0.01)and depression(r=-0.379,P<0.01).Conclusion Depression,anxiety and stress are correlated with education level,occupation,medical condition at baseline,isolation measures,and attention to the epidemic.Targeted intervention should be carried out in the early epidemic stage of COVID-19.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 焦虑 抑郁 心理 网络问卷调查 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]