朱坝羌语静态空间范畴的表征与认知  

Representation and Cognition of the Stasis Space Category in Tsuva Qiang

作　　者：李云兵[1] LI Yunbing

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《民族语文》2020年第5期3-20,共18页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：中国社会科学院重点学科建设工程“纪录语言学”(2009-2014);中国社会科学院重点课题“中国少数民族语言空间认知范畴”(2007-2012)的经费资助;国家社科基金重大招标项目“基于《世界语言结构地图集》的中国少数民族语言类型研究(17ZDA310)”的经费资助。

摘　　要：本文考察朱坝羌语的静态空间范畴,重点考察了拓扑、内在参照、相对参照、绝对参照等空间范畴,认为拓扑、内在参照、相对参照的认知存在较高的一致性,空间概念的表征采用"名词-位格+存在动词"和"名词+方位词+存在动词"两种形式,语义特征表现为"X于Y空间存在"和"X存在于Y空间",空间认知的意象图式体现为"图象+背景"或"背景+图象",这与观测者的观测角度和命题或概念结构焦点的转换有密切的关系。指示空间由指示词系统表征,绝对参照空间的表征与自然环境和山川走向有密切的关系,两者自立坐标系,有认知背景,无明确认知图式。This paper addresses the stasis space category in Tsuva Qiang.It focuses on such space categories as topology,intrinsic reference,relative reference and absolute reference.It proposes that a high consistency exists in the cognition of topology,intrinsic reference and relative reference.The spatial conceptions are represented via two forms,viz."noun-locative+existential verb"and"noun+location word+existential verb",with semantic features of"X with an existence in the spatial realm Y"and"X existing in the spatial realm Y"as well as with spatial cognitive schemas as"Figure+Ground"or"Ground+Figure",which is closely correlated with the observers’observation perspective and the shift of propositions or conception structure focus.The deictic space is represented via the demonstrative system,while the representation of absolute reference space is closely related with the natural environment and the orientation of mountains and rivers.The latter two establish their own coordinates,with cognitive grounds while with no clear cognitive schemas.

关 键 词：朱坝羌语 空间语言 空间范畴 表征 认知 

分 类 号：H274[语言文字—少数民族语言]