伟江苗话的量名结构  

The Classifier-Noun Constructions in Weijiang Miaohua伟江苗话

作　　者：姜礼立[1] JIANG Lili

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院/南方语言文化研究中心,长沙410081

出　　处：《民族语文》2020年第5期46-57,共12页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国民族语言形态句法类型学研究(18ZDA298)”;湖南省社“跨语言视角下湘方言个体量词研究(19YBQ075)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伟江苗话的量名结构前既可受人称代词、专有名词、名词短语、方位短语、状态形容词、动词短语、关系从句等修饰构成偏正结构;也可以用于同位语结构中;还可独立使用,在句中充当主语、话题、宾语、定语、谓语以及作非主谓句。量名结构独立使用时,其名词性中心语在一些语境中可省略,量词单独使用,在句中充当主语、定语和宾语等。量名结构具有定指、不定指、无指等多种指称功能,还可用于表达情景直指、示踪指、关联回指、认同指和大情景指。Classifier-noun constructions in Weijiang Miaohua,a variety of Pinghua平话Chinese spoken by the Miao苗people in Weijiang Township,Longsheng,Guangxi,can be modified by personal pronouns,proper nouns,noun phrases,locational phrases,stative adjectives,verb phrases,and relative clauses.They can be used in appositive structure.Syntactically,they can act as a subject,a topic,an object,an attributive or a predicate in sentences,and can occur in non-subject-predicate sentences.When serving as independent syntactic constituents,the nominal heads of classifier-noun constructions can be omitted in some contexts,and the classifiers are then used by themselves as the subject,the attributive,or the object in the sentences.The classifier-noun constructions have various pragmatic functions,including the referential functions such as definiteness,indefiniteness and non-referentiality as well as other pragmatic functions such as situational use,tracking use,associative-anaphoric use,recognitional use and larger situational use.

关 键 词：苗话 量名结构 句法位置 指称功能 语用功能 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]