日光温室西瓜生长期裂瓜与温度的关系  

The Relationship between the Watermelon Cracking in the Growing Period and Temperature in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：谭云霄 张爱玲 吴冠楠 王成玉 袁静 臧海光 马英洁 TAN Yun-xiao;ZHANG Ai-ling;WU Guan-nan;WANG Cheng-yu;YUAN Jing;ZANG Hai-guang;MA Ying-jie(Shandong Changle County Meteorological Bureau,Weifang 262400,China)

机构地区：[1]昌乐县气象局,山东潍坊262400

出　　处：《中国果菜》2020年第10期40-43,52,共5页China Fruit & Vegetable

基　　金：山东省气象局面上课题“设施西瓜气象服务关键技术研究”(2020sdqxm14)。

摘　　要：为提高日光温室西瓜栽培过程的管理水平、减少裂瓜,本文对山东省昌乐县日光温室西瓜栽培进行了调查,重点分析了西瓜裂瓜时期的温度变化,计算了最高最低温度差、温度变化速率及小时温差等指数,分析了其与裂瓜现象发生的关联性,并提出了田间管理对策。结果表明:日光温室内日温差高于20℃、凌晨降温速率绝对值大于0.4℃/h、最大小时温差大于0.7℃/h时,或在日温差高于20℃、小时温差大于6℃、凌晨2时温度低于12℃时,均易出现裂瓜现象,造成日光温室西瓜减产。In order to strengthen the scientific management of watermelon cultivation in greenhouse and reduce the occurrence of watermelon cracking,this paper investigated the watermelon cultivation in greenhouse in Changle county,Shandong province,focused on the analysis of the temperature change during the period of watermelon cracking,calculated the maximum and minimum temperature difference,temperature change rate and hourly temperature difference index,analyzed its correlation with the occurrence of split melon phenomenon,and put forward the field management countermeasures.The results showed that:when the daily temperature difference was higher than 20℃,the absolute value of the cooling rate in the early morning was greater than 0.4℃/h,and the maximum hourly temperature difference was greater than 0.7℃/h;or when the daily temperature difference was higher than 20℃,the hourly temperature difference was greater than 6℃,and the temperature was lower than 12℃at 2:00 a.m.,the watermelon was easy to crack.

关 键 词：日光温室 西瓜 裂瓜 温度 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]