草地植物鉴定分类方法的现状与应用  

Status and Application of Plant Taxonomic Identification Methods in Grassland

作　　者：钟米莎 刘琳[1] 吴菲菲 唐川江 刘伟[1] 鲁岩 干友民[1] 周冀琼 邹君洪 ZHONG Mi-sha;LIU Lin;WU Fei-fei;TANG Chuan-jiang;LIU Wei;LU Yan;GAN You-min;ZHOU Ji-qiong;ZOU Jun-hong(College of Animal Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Center of Popularizing Grass Technology Research,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川草业技术研究推广中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第6期157-164,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：四川省科技厅国际合作项目(2016HH0087)。

摘　　要：草地植物的鉴定分类直接为草地植物多样性研究提供基本数据,是草地生态系统研究的重要基础工作。植物鉴定分类方法不断发展,从依据植物形态特征进行分类的经典的形态学分类方法,到依据植物细胞中染色体特征进行鉴定分类的细胞分类方法,再到根据细胞内蛋白质、核酸等大分子进行鉴定分类的分子生物学分类方法。这些方法各有优劣,了解每种方法的优缺点可以在实际应用中综合利用这些技术,使研究人员能够简便、准确地鉴定和识别植物。通过系统地介绍在实际操作中应用较多的经典的形态学分类方法和在科学研究中应用较多的细胞分类方法和分子生物学技术,探讨这些方法的优缺点及其在草地植物鉴定分类中的现状与应用。The taxonomic identification of plant species provides basic data for the plant diversity research,which is an important basic work in the study of grassland ecosystem.The development of plant taxonomic identification methods is gradually evolving,from the classical morphological taxonomy based on observation of plant appearance,to cytotaxonomy based on the characteristics of chromosomes in plant cells,and then to molecular biological technology based on protein,nucleic acids and other macromolecules.All the methods have advantages and disadvantages that the better understanding of them can guide researchers to easily identify plant species in practice by using various techniques.The classical morphological taxonomic identification methods and molecular biological techniques were systematically introduced,in which the advantages and disadvantages of above methods were discussed.Furthermore,their application to taxonomic identification of plant species in grassland was also mentioned.

关 键 词：草地 植物鉴定 形态学分类法 细胞分类法 分子生物学技术 

分 类 号：Q949[生物学—植物学]