成都市温江区不同栽植年限园林植物土壤动物群落特征  

Characteristics of soil animal community with different garden plants and various planting periods in Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China

作　　者：黄玉梅[1] 李向 张丹桔[2] 邓楚璇 罗春兰 罗紫薇 沈金亮 解文峰 HUANG Yu-mei;LI Xiang;ZHANG Dan-ju;DENG Chu-xuan;LUO Chun-lan;LUO Zi-wei;SHEN Jin-liang;XIE Wen-feng(Col-lege of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Institute of Ecological Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecologi-cal Forestry Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Chengdu 611130,China;Manage-ment Office of Teaching and Research Base,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学生态林业研究所/四川省长江上游生态林业工程重点实验室,成都611130 [3]四川农业大学教学科研基地管理处,成都611130

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2020年第11期3859-3868,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0031)资助。

摘　　要：对成都市温江区不同栽植年限园林植物土壤动物群落特征进行调查分析,4次取样共捕获土壤动物10258只,隶属26目78科。不同园林植物土壤动物类群数存在显著差异,基本以红花檵木、银杏样地最高,结缕草样地最低,各栽植年限土壤动物类群数均低于周边农田和撂荒地;桂花样地土壤动物类群数、个体数受季节变化影响较小,其余样地土壤动物个体数具有明显的季节动态,而类群数随季节变化不显著;土壤动物多样性指数受园林植物种类及栽植年限影响,银杏样地土壤动物密度-类群指数(DG)及Margalef丰富度指数(D)和结缕草样地土壤动物Shannon多样性指数(H)及D指数均随栽植年限增加而显著降低,桂花样地土壤动物DG指数、D指数则随栽植年限增加显著升高,红花檵木样地土壤动物多样性各指数随栽植年限增加未表现规律性变化,其中土壤动物DG、D、H指数各栽植年限基本以桂花样地最低;聚类及典型关联分析(CCA)表明,园林植物种类对样地生境的影响大于栽植年限,土壤动物对不同生境因子响应不同,其中速效P、土壤pH对土壤动物影响较大。土壤动物群落特征受园林植物种类、栽植年限及栽培管理方式的影响,而过度人为干扰、单一植物连栽会对土壤动物产生不利影响,并可能导致土壤地力衰退。In order to provide scientific guidance for soil quality evaluation and optimum management of flower and seedling industry, we investigated the characteristics of soil animal community with different garden plants and various planting periods in Wenjiang District, Chengdu. A total of 10258 soil animals belonging to 26 orders and 78 families were captured in four sampling times. There were significant differences in the taxonomic richness in the plots with different garden plants, generally highest in plots with Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum or Ginkgo biloba and lowest in plot with Zoysia japonica. The taxonomic richness was lower in the plots with different garden plants than the control. Taxonomic richness and abundance of soil fauna in Osmanthus fragrans plot did not change across sampling seasons. The abundance but not taxonomic richness of soil fauna in other plots had obvious seasonal variations. Different garden plants and various planting periods significantly influenced soil faunal diversity indices. Density-group index(DG) and Margalef richness index(D) in G. biloba plot, as well as Shannon diversity index(H) and D index in Z. japonica plot decreased significantly with the increases of planting period. The DG and D indices of soil animals in O. fragrans plot increased significantly with increasing planting period. The indices of soil animal diversity in L. chinense var. rubrum plot did not change regularly with planting period. The DG, D, and H indices were lowest in O. fragrans plot with different planting periods. Results of hierarchical clustering and canonical correlation analyse(CCA) indicated that garden plant species had stronger effects on the habitat than planting period. Responses of soil fauna to various habitats were different, with available P and soil pH having stronger effects on soil fauna. Our results indicated that soil animal community shifted with the changes of garden plant and planting period as well as management and cultivation methods. Excessive human interference and monocult

关 键 词：土壤动物 园林植物 栽植年限 环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学] S688[农业科学—农业基础科学]