企业创新、地方环境与产能过剩——以黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业为例  

Firm Innovation,Local Environment and Excess Capacity of Traditional Industries:A Case Study of Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Industry

作　　者：冯长春[1] 王宇凡[1] 姚晓明 朱晟君[1] 肖灵 FENG Changchun;WANG Yufan;YAO Xiaoming;ZHU Shengjun;XIAO Ling(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Institute of Economic Research, Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, Beijing 100038, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]中国宏观经济研究院经济研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2020年第6期29-35,共7页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701115,41771176);UKRI全球挑战研究基金项目(ES/P011055/1)。

摘　　要：基于2003—2013年中国工业企业数据库,以黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业为例,探究传统工业中企业创新对产能利用率的影响。结果表明:(1)我国该行业存在产能闲置、利用不足的现象,产能过剩的空间分布逐渐由西高东低的区域性局部问题转变为全国性问题。(2)研发投入可以显著提高企业的产能利用率。城市规模通过知识溢出以及市场化建设,有助于促进企业创新对提升产能的作用;经济转型背景下的地方制度环境变化也能够显著地影响到企业创新与产能的关系。Based on the industrial enterprise database from 2003 to 2013,this paper investigates the impact of innovation on capacity utilization rates of traditional industries with ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry as an example.Firstly,this paper measures the capacity utilization rate of the ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry by production function approach,and discovers that there were idle production capacity and underutilization overall.The evolution process can be divided into four stages,and the spatial distribution gradually shifts from lower in west and higher in east to disordered distribution.Secondly,based on the empirical data,the regression results and instrumental variable regression results show that R&D investment can significantly increase the capacity utilization rate of a firm.Furthermore,this paper explored the role of city scale in how firm innovation enhance the capacity utilization rate,and found that urban economic development and city size have a significant positive impact on the improvement of capacity utilization rate of R&D investment.The change of local institutional environment in the context of economic transformation can also significantly affect the relationship between enterprise innovation and productivity.

关 键 词：产能过剩 产能利用率 研发投入 城市规模 制度环境 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]