国家合法性的个体生命权基础——卢梭社会契约思想的逻辑起点  

The Basis of Individual Right to Life of National Legitimacy——The Logical Starting Point of Rousseau’s Social Contract Thought

作　　者：金丹 Jin Dan(School of Marxism,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学马克思主义学院,杭州310032

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2020年第12期107-111,116,159,160,共8页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：卢梭认为社会契约的建立实际上是在追寻一种国家合法性,一种保证国家稳固、维持和平状态的有效方式。从契约论的角度看,国家合法性从形式上看是社会契约,但从实质上看,契约的逻辑起点却是个体的生命权。因此,国家合法性就在于,通过社会契约的方式,为个体提供生命权的"公意基础"。而在国家共同体之下,个体生命权难免遇到内在的冲突,即共同体和个体之间在生命权上发生的矛盾。在这种情况下,根据社会契约论的法则,国家的合法性就在于解决个体生命权遇到的内在冲突。Absrtact:Rousseau thinks that the establishment of social contract is actually in pursuit of a state’s legitimacy,an effective way to ensure the stability and peace of the country.From the perspective of contract theory,state legitimacy is a social contract in form,but in essence,the logical starting point of the contract is the individual’s right to life.Therefore,the legitimacy of the state lies in providing the"public will basis"for the individual’s right to life by means of social contract.Under the State Community,the individual right to life will inevitably encounter internal conflicts,that is,the contradiction between the community and the individual on the right to life.In this case,according to the law of social contract theory,the legitimacy of the state is to solve the internal conflict of individual right to life.

关 键 词：生命权 国家 合法性 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]