20世纪上半叶生命起源理论在中国的传播和影响  

The Dissemination and Influence of Origin of Life Theories in China in the First Half of the 20th Century

作　　者：侯琨 HOU Kun(School of History and Culture of Science,SJTU,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期26-32,共7页Journal of Guangxi Minzu University ：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(17ZDA182).

摘　　要：20世纪上半叶,生命起源理论在中国的传播可分为两个阶段,即随租界报纸传入的西方本土的讨论和中国学者主动介绍、传播的相关理论.在此过程中,“胚种说”“自生说”“蛋白质说”等主要学说都被引入中国学界.上海借助近现代出版机构林立的优势,以至于在20世纪20年代-30年代都是生命起源知识的传播中心;随着时局的发展,20世纪40年代之后,西南大后方成为新的传播中心.从微观的生命起源研究的角度看,中国本土相关理论的传播和世界性的研究风潮有时代的交错性;从宏观的知识传播的角度看,传播过程中所呈现出的重理论轻实践、哲学观点先行的特点构成了20世纪上半叶中国的知识传播中的一个独特侧面.The dissemination of origin of life theories in China in the first half of the 20th century can be divided into two periods:one by concession newspaper and one by Chinese scholars.During the process,different theories such as panspermia,spontaneous generation and protein theory have been introduced into Chinese academic circle.Shanghai,for the advantage of concession and publishing institutions,has been the center of origin of life discussion through 1920s and 1930s.However,in the 1940s,the Southwest Great Rear Area has been the new center due to anti-Japanese war.By analyzing the basic facts of these two periods,this article summarize the content,district,disseminator and feature of the two periods.From the period perspective,Chinese interest in this field is not consistent with western scholars;from macroscopic view,the feature that Chinese focus on theory rather than experiment is a unique feature of the 20th century's knowledge diffusion.

关 键 词：生命起源 字林西报 罗广庭事件 奥巴林学说 

分 类 号：Q-06[生物学]