高速铁路的建设对沿线区域土地利用变化影响研究--以京沪高铁山东段为例  

Study of the effect of high-speed railway construction on the changes of surrounding area land use:based the high speed railway of Beijing to Shanghai in Shandong Province

作　　者：刘长龙 常军 刘娜 张腾 LIU Changlong;CHANG Jun;LIU Na;ZHANG Teng(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250000,China;The Second School of Wucheng,Dezhou 253300,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学地理与环境学院,山东济南250000 [2]武城县第二中学,山东德州253300

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2020年第3期367-375,423,共10页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(18BJY086);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2012DM009)。

摘　　要：中国已经步入高铁时代,高速铁路的快速发展必然会对周边区域带来巨大的影响,为了研究高速铁路对周边区域土地利用变化的影响,以京沪高铁山东段15 km缓冲区的半径范围为研究区域,GIS与RS理论与方法技术相结合,以高铁建设前、运营初期、运营现状3期遥感影像数据为基础,将研究区划分为耕地、林地、建设用地、水体和其他用地等5种土地利用类型,借助土地利用模型与方法,对土地利用类型时空变化、利用程度等特征进行研究,分析高速铁路建设对周边地区土地利用变化的影响。结果表明:耕地是京沪高铁建设前期最主要的土地利用类型,2008—2013年呈现逐渐减少趋势,而建设用地是变化幅度最大的土地利用类型;综合土地利用动态度2008—2013年高于2013—2018年且土地利用程度逐年增加,景观多样性指数呈现递增趋势;高铁周边建设用地重心位置整体呈现向高铁线路方向移动,而耕地重心位置整体呈现背离高铁线路方向移动,且城市等级越高城市越发达其重心位置转移越明显。China has entered the era of high-speed rail,and the rapid development of high-speed railway will inevitably bring a great impact on the surrounding areas.In order to study the impact of high-speed railway on the land-use change of surrounding areas,the radius of 15 km buffer zone in Shandong section of Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway is taken as the research area,with GIS and RS theory and method technology combined;the remote sensing image data before,during and after the construction of high-speed railway,is based.The study area is divided into five land use types:cultivated land,forest land,construction land,water body and other land.With the help of land use model and method,the characteristics of land use type,such as spatial-temporal change and utilization degree,are studied,with the influence of high-speed railway construction on land-use change in surrounding areas analyzed.The results show that:cultivated land is the most important land use type in the early stage of Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway construction,showing a decreasing trend from 2008 to 2013,while the construction land is the land-use type with the largest change range;the comprehensive land-use dynamic degree in 2008—2013 is higher than that in 2013—2018,with the land-use degree increasing year by year,and the landscape diversity index shows an increasing trend;the construction land around the high-speed railway shows an increasing trend the center of gravity moved to the direction of high-speed rail line,while the center of gravity of cultivated land moved away from the direction of high-speed rail line.The higher the city level,the more developed the city,and the more obvious the shift of center of gravity.

关 键 词：地理信息系统 京沪高铁 遥感影像 土地利用 景观格局 重心转移 

分 类 号：P23[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] K90[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]