安徽省专业化后备蛋鸡饲养场现状调研报告  

Investigation Report of Breeding Status of Young Laying Hens in Anhui Province

作　　者：张丹俊[1] 刘伟[1] 赵瑞宏[1] 戴银[1] 胡晓苗[1] 沈学怀[1] 潘孝成[1] 候宏艳 周学利[1] 尹磊 ZHANG Danjun;LIU Wei;ZHAO Ruihong;DAI Yin;HU Xiaomiao;SHEN Xuehuai;PAN Xiaocheng;HOU Hongyan;ZHOU Xueli;YIN Lei(Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering,Hefei,Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农科院畜牧兽医研究所,安徽省畜禽疫病研究中心,畜禽产品安全工程安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中国家禽》2020年第11期100-104,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-40);安徽省家禽产业技术体系项目(AHCYJSTX-06);安徽省农业科学院平台项目(2020YL094)。

摘　　要：为了解安徽省后备蛋鸡养殖现状,国家蛋鸡产业技术体系合肥综合试验站组织团队成员于2019年8月-12月在安徽省开展了相关调研,对安徽省后备蛋鸡场的数量、区域布局,养殖规模,养殖模式、鸡舍类型、设施设备以及饲料供给和疫病防控等现状进行了详细调查与分析。结果显示:目前安徽省后备蛋鸡规模养殖场共有10家,年出栏规模为11万~88万只,全年出栏量600万只左右,约占安徽省蛋鸡存栏总量的12%,尚有较大提升空间;专业后备蛋鸡场主要分布在皖北地区,鸡舍以全封闭式为主,销售日龄为60日龄,养殖模式逐渐从阶梯式笼养转变为层叠式笼养,舍内设施基本实现了自动化;饲料供给在20日龄前以全价颗粒料为主,20日龄后以自配全价粉料为主;疫病防控及用药成本不同鸡场有较大差异,部分鸡场存在免疫程序不合理及选用的疫苗株与临床流行株不一致的问题,需要加以改进和完善。本次调研初步掌握了安徽省后备蛋鸡的养殖现状,揭示了养殖中存在的问题和短板,明确了改进目标和方向,对促进和提升安徽省后备蛋鸡养殖水平具有重要指导意义。To investigate breeding status of young laying hens in Anhui province, the current study were investigated by the team members from Hefei comprehensive experimental station of the National Layers Industry Technology System from August to December in 2019. The paper investigated the numbers of chicken farms, regional distribution, breeding scale, breeding model, henhouse type, facilities, feed supply as well as disease prevention and control. The results showed that there were 10 large-scale farms for breeding young laying hens in Anhui province, each farm provided about 110 000 to 880 000 heads for market every year. The quantity of laying hens was around 6 million which accounted for about 12% of the total amount of Anhui province, indicating some room to be promoted. Professional farms of young chicken were mainly distributed in northern of Anhui, and most of them were established with fully enclosed henhouse, whose hens for sale was 60 days of age. The caged mode was gradually shifted from ladder to overlap to achieve automation inside. The chicks were given the full value of grain feed before 20 days old, and full mixed powder feed after 20 days of age. There were great difference in prevention and control of disease and medical cost among different chicken farms. Some problems in few farms need to be improved and perfected, such as the inappropriate immunization programs and the inconsistent of vaccine strains with epidemic strains. These results showed the current situation of young laying hens breeding, the problems and short boards of farming in Anhui province. This investigation will provide an important theoretical basis for improving the breeding levels of laying hens in Anhui province.

关 键 词：安徽省 后备蛋鸡 养殖现状 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]