从探针—目标一致关系到φ特征核查——英语主谓一致关系推导的简化方案  

From Probe-Goal Agreement toφFeature Checking:The Simplified Program of Derivation of English Subject-Verb Agreement

作　　者：卞京[1] 张辉[1] Bian Jing;Zhang Hui(Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学,南京210046

出　　处：《外语学刊》2020年第6期55-60,共6页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“中国英语学习者句法加工的神经认知机制研究”(14AYY009)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文试图通过特征核查理论对英语主谓一致关系的推导过程进行简化。文章首先回顾了探针和目标一致关系的主要观点,指出这一理论在描述英语主谓一致关系时存在以下缺陷:首先,谓语主动词一致关系要比谓语助动词一致关系推导更为复杂;其次,当主语为虚指词时,主谓一致关系的探查和赋值运算指向与探针—目标关系相反。据此,我们从格赋值理论到格核查理论的发展过程中获得启发,提出英语主谓一致关系也可以通过特征核查实现操作简化。在主谓一致的特征移位过程中,谓语动词在算式库中已经携带有φ特征,其后的句法推导只涉及非可读性φ特征移位到Spec-NP进行核查。通过特征核查,不仅可以解决上述目标—探针一致关系的缺陷,还能够形成一个统一的有关英语主谓一致关系推导的简化方案。The present paper attempts to simplify the derivation of English subject-verb agreement by the application of checking theory.We first review the probe-goal agreement and points out that it has the following shortcomings when used to explain the English subject-verb agreement:first,the derivation of subject-main verb agreement is more complicated than that of subject-auxiliary verb agreement;second,the directionality of probing and valuation of expletive it-verb agreement is reverse to that of probe-goal agreement.Accordingly,inspired by the process from case assignment to case checking,we hypothesize that the application of checking theory may simplify the derivation of English subject-verb agreement.On the movement ofφfeatures,the predicate verb is fully inflected in the Numeration and the agreement derivation is manipulated to check un-interpretableφfeatures in the Spec-NP.By the application of checking theory,we can not only solve the problems posed by the probe-goal agreement,but also develop a unified and simplified program of the derivation of English subject-verb agreement.

关 键 词：探针—目标一致关系 主谓一致关系 核查理论 特征相对最简性 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]