生物质气化制取合成气及选择性费托合成烃类燃料的研究现状  

Research status on conversion of syngas derived from biomass to hydrocarbon fuels via selective Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

作　　者：卓叶欣 朱玲君[1] 王树荣[1] Zhuo Yexin;Zhu Lingjun;Wang Shurong(State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《可再生能源》2020年第12期1569-1576,共8页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流项目(51661145011)。

摘　　要：文章简要介绍了生物质气化技术及其影响因素,分析了气化反应器、生物质原料和气化条件等因素对生物质气化产物组分与特性的影响,以及对焦油含量和气化效率的影响。气化剂的选择和催化剂的使用也是调控生物质气化气组成的重要手段。文章还阐述了合成气制取烃类燃料的直接合成路径,并从催化剂载体与助剂选择的角度概述了合成气经费托合成反应路径直接合成清洁环保的液体烃类燃料的相关研究。生物质合成气可通过费托合成反应路径直接制取烃类燃料,但传统费托合成催化剂限制了烃类燃料的选择性。结合加氢活性金属与酸性载体的双功能催化剂在合成气费托合成反应中表现出优良的烃类燃料合成性能,而助剂的添加能够调节分子筛载体与金属之间产生的强相互作用,增强双功能催化剂的费托合成反应性能。The biomass gasification technologies and relevant factors were briefly introduced.The influence of gasifier,biomass raw material and gasification conditions on the composition and characteristics of biomass gasification products,as well as the influence of tar content and gasification efficiency were further discussed.Besides,the selection of gasification agents and catalysts are also important means to regulate the composition of biomass-based syngas.Then,the direct reaction paths for hydrocarbon fuels production from syngas was elaborated.And more attention was paid to overviewing the study about direct production of clean and environmentally friendly liquid hydrocarbon fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,especially from the perspective of catalyst supports and promoters.Biomass-based syngas could be used as the raw gas in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to directly produce hydrocarbon fuels,but the hydrocarbons selectivity was limited by the catalysts in traditional Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.The bifunctional catalysts combining hydrogenation-active metal and acidic support showed excellent selectivity of hydrocarbon fuels.In addition,the doping of promoters could regulate the strong interaction between the zeolites support and active metal,and enhance the catalytic performance of bifunctional catalysts in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

关 键 词：生物质气化 液体烃类燃料 选择性费托合成 分子筛载体 金属助剂 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]