干旱及复水处理对抗旱性不同小麦品种/系苗期生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of Drought and Re-watering Treatment on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Different Drought-resistant Wheat Varieties/Lines at Seedling Stage

作　　者：张平 张慧[1] 刘俊娜 环秀菊 王倩朝 李莉 刘永江 覃鹏[1] ZHANG Ping;ZHANG Hui;LIU Junna;HUAN Xiuju;WANG Qianchao;LI Li;LIU Yongjiang;QIN Peng(College of Agricultural and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第12期1795-1802,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：云南省农业联合基金重点项目(2018FG001-005)。

摘　　要：为明确干旱胁迫及复水处理对抗旱性不同小麦材料生理指标的影响,以抗旱型品种‘靖麦12号’与干旱敏感型品系‘皮麦’为材料,以正常水分管理作为对照,待小麦长至三叶期,采用干旱胁迫-复水法,取幼苗叶片测量过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、脯氨酸、脱落酸、总抗氧化能力、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖以及叶绿素等生理指标的变化情况。结果表明:抗旱型品种‘靖麦12号’与干旱敏感型品系‘皮麦’的保护酶活性、总抗氧化能力、可溶性糖及叶绿素含量均存在显著差异及极显著差异;干旱胁迫下,保护酶活性、脯氨酸、丙二醛、脱落酸、总抗氧化能力均呈上升趋势,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及叶绿素含量却明显降低;复水以后,保护酶活性、脯氨酸、总抗氧化能力、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量明显降低,叶绿素、脱落酸、丙二醛含量明显上升;两品种/系的处理与对照间脱落酸、丙二醛含量不存在明显差异。在干旱胁迫和复水情况下,‘靖麦12号’表现出较高的酶活性和较高渗透调节物质且叶绿素含量下降缓慢,因此‘靖麦12号’具有较高的抵御干旱胁迫以及复水后的恢复能力,可作为云南地区重要的抗旱种质资源。To clarify the effects of drought stress and re-watering on physiological indexes of wheat materials with different drought resistances.Using drought-resistant cultivar‘Jingmai 12’,and drought-sensitive strain‘Pimai’,as materials and the normal water management as CK,the drought stress-rehydration method was used to measure the change of physiological indexesin seedling leaves at trifoliate stage,which include catalase,peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,proline,abscisic acid,total antioxidant capacity,soluble protein,soluble sugar and chlorophyll.The results showed that there were significant differences in the activities of protective enzymes,total antioxidant capacity,soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents between drought-resistant variety‘Jingmai 12’and drought-sensitive strain‘Pimai’.Under drought stress,the activities of protective enzymes,proline,malondialdehyde,abscisic acid and total antioxidant capacity increased,while the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and chlorophyll significantly decreased;after rehydration,the activities of protective enzymes,proline,total antioxidant capacity,soluble protein and soluble sugar significantly decreased,while the contents of chlorophyll,abscisic acid and malondialdehyde significantly increased;there were no significant difference in the contents of abscisic acid and malondialdehyde during the treatment and control of two varieties/lines.Under drought stress and re-watering conditions,‘Jingmai 12’showed higher enzyme activity,higher osmotic regulators and slower decrease of chlorophyll content.Therefore,‘Jingmai 12’had higher resistance to drought stress and recovery ability after re-watering,and could be used as an important drought-resistant germplasm resource in Yunnan.

关 键 词：小麦 干旱 复水 脯氨酸 可溶性糖 丙二醛 可溶性蛋白 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]