渭河阶地不同生境反枝苋种子萌发的热量需求研究  

Heat Requirements of Amaranthus retroflexus Seed Germination in Different Habitats of Weihe Terraceland

作　　者：王雅馨 杨婷 魏永胜 刘嘉聪 WANG Yaxin;YANG Ting;WEI Yongsheng;LIU Jiacong(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第12期1831-1838,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA102904)。

摘　　要：为研究反枝苋对气候变暖的响应,预测其萌发时间,为适时防控提供科学依据,以陕西杨凌渭河三道塬的反枝苋种子为材料,利用积温模型定量估计种子萌发的热量需求,计算其萌发的基础温度(T b)、调整累积萌发率达到50%所需积温[θT(50)]及积温标准差(σθT)等参数。结果表明,不同生境条件的反枝苋种子质量及上述积温模型参数存在显著差异。头道塬、二道塬和河滩地的反枝苋种子千粒质量为0.3225、0.3117和0.3485 g,头道塬、二道塬反枝苋种子萌发的T b为13.98和23.14℃,θT(50)为398.74和326.79℃·h,σθT为64.70和149.03℃·h。表明相对于低海拔地点,高海拔处的反枝苋具有萌发基础温度低,萌发热量需求高、变幅小的特点。这种差异反映出反枝苋对环境的强适应性。在全球气候变暖的条件,反枝苋的防控难度将增加。根据陕西杨凌地区多年的气象数据预测2020年渭河头道塬、二道塬反枝苋的萌发日期分别为4月18日和6月6日前后,萌发后1周为防控反枝苋的适宜期。This study investigated the response of Amaranthus retroflexus L.to climate warming,and predicted its seed germination time which is the scientific basis for weed control.The Amaranthus retroflexus L.seeds collected from three tiered terracelands of Weihe basin in Yangling were used as the material.The thermal time model was used to estimate the heat demand for seed germination quantity,including base temperature(T b),accumulative temperature for adjusted germination reached 50%((θT(50))and its standard error(σθT)and other parameters.The results showed that significant difference was detected for the model parameters among different habitat of the seeds.The thousand seed mass of the seeds from the first tiered terraceland,the second tiered terraceland,and river beach was 0.3225 g,0.3117 g and 0.3485 g,respectively.T b of Amaranthus retroflexus seed germinationfromatthe first and second tiered terracelandwas 13.98 and 23.14℃,forθT(50),it was 398.74 and 326.79℃·h and forσθT,it was 64.70 and 149.03℃·h,respcetively.The seed germination modelling indicated that Amaranthus retroflexus seed growing at upper terranceland was characterized by lower base temperature,higher heat requirement with narrow variance,which reflected well-adaptation of Amaranthus retroflexus to habitat change.Thus,weed control will face more challenge under climate warming condition.Based on annual meteorological data,the germination dates of Amaranthus retroflexus at the first and second tiered terraceland in 2020 was predicted on April 18 and June 6 respectively,and one week later was the suitable time for weed control.

关 键 词：反枝苋 生境 时热模型 萌发基础温度 积温 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]