鼠类天敌黄鼬和艾鼬在山西省的分布与洞道结构  

Distribution and Burrow Structure of Siberian Weasel and Mustela Eversmanni,Natural Enemies of Rodents in Shanxi Province

作　　者：叶鹏 侯玉 邹肖玥 刘保胜 安昊杰 邹波 Ye peng;Hou Yu;Zou Xiaoyue;Liu Baosheng;An Haojie;Zou Bo(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University(Institute of Plant Protection,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences),Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China;Department of Biology,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China;Doshisha University,Jingtiandao 610-0394,Kyoto,Japan)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院(山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所),山西太原030031 [2]太原师范学院生物系,山西晋中030619 [3]同志社大学,日本京都府京田辺市610-0394

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2020年第11期45-46,50,共3页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

基　　金：山西省农科院科研项目(YCX2020110);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221015-1);国家科技基础资源调查项目(2019FY100304)。

摘　　要：目的意义:黄鼬和艾鼬是山西省主要的鼠类天敌,研究其形态、分布和洞道结构,可以为天敌的保护和利用提供科学依据,为害鼠的天敌防控奠定基础。研究方法:通过实地调查和挖掘洞道观察,结合查阅以往文献和档案等方法进行研究。研究结果:黄鼬和艾鼬在山西省有较广泛的分布,黄鼬的分布地域和数量均超过艾鼬;艾鼬体型比黄鼬略大,调查区挖掘的艾鼬洞道复杂性和长度略超黄鼬。山西省中部和北部的黄鼬和艾鼬洞穴的深度均在地下2 m左右,较深的洞穴便于冬季抵御当地的严寒。Siberian weasel and Mustela eversmanni are the main natural enemies of rodents in Shanxi Province.The study of their morphology,distribution and burrow structure can provide scientific basis for the protection and utilization of natural enemies.In this paper,through on-the-spot investigation and excavation of tunnel observation,combined with literature and archives and other methods for research.The results showed that Siberian weasel and Mustela eversmanni are widely distributed in Shanxi Province,the distribution area and quantity of weasel are more than that of Siberian weasel;the body size of weasel is slightly larger than that of Mustela eversmanni,and the complexity and length of Siberian weasel tunnel excavated in the survey area are slightly longer than those of Siberian weasel.The depths of Siberian weasel and Mustela eversmanni mongoose caves in central and northern Shanxi Province are about 2 m underground.The deeper caves are easy to resist the local severe cold in winter.

关 键 词：鼠类天敌 黄鼬 艾鼬 分布 洞道结构 

分 类 号：S865.21[农业科学—野生动物驯养]