水杨酸处理对菜心生长发育及其品质的影响  

Effects of Salicylic Acid on Plant Growth Development and Qualities in Flowering Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：朱云娜 杨庆庆 寇尔丰 宋世威[2] 陈日远[2] 郝彦伟 ZHU Yunna;YANG Qingqing;KOU Erfeng;SONG Shiwei;CHEN Riyuan;HAO Yanwei(Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512005;College ofAgriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642)

机构地区：[1]韶关学院英东生物与农业学院,广东韶关512005 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第22期53-59,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-25-C-04);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2019A1515011680)。

摘　　要：以"油青33号"菜心为试材,采用温室盆栽方式,设置3个不同水杨酸浓度梯度(0、50、100μmol·L^-1),从菜心四叶一心期至现蕾初期进行叶面喷施,探究了不同浓度水杨酸对菜心生长发育与营养品质的影响,以期为水杨酸在薹茎类蔬菜上的推广应用提供参考依据。结果表明:与对照相比,叶面喷施50、100μmol·L^-1水杨酸均显著提高菜心现蕾率和开花率;水杨酸处理还明显增加菜心株高,增幅分别为18.06%、17.42%,但对茎粗有降低趋势;水杨酸处理增加菜心叶绿素含量且有降低Chl a/Chl b趋势,但对类胡萝卜素含量无明显影响;水杨酸处理还增加菜心可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白质含量等品质指标,对于可溶性糖含量和维生素C含量,50μmol·L^-1水杨酸处理高于100μmol·L^-1处理,但对于可溶性蛋白质含量和游离氨基酸含量,2个处理呈现相反结果。相关性分析表明,水杨酸浓度与菜心株高、现蕾率、可溶性蛋白质含量、游离氨基酸含量呈显著正相关,而与菜心茎粗呈现显著负相关。综上所述,不同水杨酸处理可促进菜心植株生长发育、改善产品品质,以50μmol·L^-1水杨酸的效果较佳。Flowering Chinese cabbage variety of ‘Youqing NO.33’ was used as experimental materials,with the potting experiment in greenhouse,the differences among different levels of salicylic acid treatment were investigated at 0,50 μmol·L^-1and 100 μmol·L^-1.The effects of salicylic acid on plant growth development and qualities were studied by measuring budding rate,flowering rate,plant height,stem width,chorophyll content,and nutritional qualities.Compared with the ones of control,the rates of budding and flowering,and plant height in flowering Chinese cabbage were increased significantly by 18.06% and 17.42% under 50 μmol·L^-1and 100 μmol·L^-1 salicylic acid,but stem width was decreased.Salicylic acid had a tendency to increase chlorophyll content and decrease Chl a/Chl b,but had no effect on carotenoid content.Compared with control,the contents of nutritional qualities were increased by salicylic acid.As for soluble sugar and vitamin C,the ones of 50 μmol·L^-1 salicylic acid were higher than those of 100 μmol· L^-1,but as for soluble protein and free amino acid,the two treatments showed opposite results.Based on the results of correlation analysis,the concentration of salicylic acid had significant positive correlation with plant height,budding rate,soluble protein content,and free amino acid content,but significant negative correlation with the width of stem.In conclusion,spraying appropriate concentration of salicylic acid on the leaves was beneficial to increase the growth and improve the qualities of flowering Chinese cabbage,and 50 μmol·L^-1 salicylic acid had the optimal effects.

关 键 词：菜心 水杨酸 生长发育 品质 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]