1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019

作　　者：尤金辉 卫平民[1] 董道根 YOU Jin-hui;WEI Ping-min;DONG Dao-gen(School of Public Health,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China;Xinghua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou 225700,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210009 [2]江苏省兴化市疾病预防控制中心,泰州225700

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2020年第11期1348-1351,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划基金(16YJA840014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病发病趋势和流行特征,为制定其防控策略和措施提供依据。方法对兴化市1990-2019年甲乙类肠道传染病资料进行描述性分析。结果兴化市1990-2019年共报告甲乙类肠道传染病7种30282例,年均发病率69.66/10万。1990-1999年、2000-2009年、2010-2019年平均发病率分别为161.30/10万、21.29/10万、18.35/10万,发病率呈下降趋势(χ^2趋势=56574.719,P<0.001)。1990-1999年甲肝、伤寒副伤寒高发,占总发病的78.58%,2000-2009年发病以肝炎(未分型)、甲肝为主,占65.87%,2010年后肝炎(未分型)、戊肝发病占69.81%。三个时期病人的性别和年龄组构成差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);农村和市区发病数分别占74.35%、25.65%,主要发病人群是农民、学生、散居儿童和工人;1990-1999年、2000-2009年发病呈明显双峰分布,高峰在每年3月和7-10月,2010-2019年季节性不明显,全年发病趋于平缓。结论1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病发病明显下降,防制效果显著;今后需加强对农村地区、农民、学生、散居儿童和中老年人的防控,结合新时期甲乙类肠道传染病的发病特点,采取综合性的干预措施。Objective To explore the incidence trend and epidemic features of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control.Methods Data of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases reported in Xinghua from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results A total of 30282 cases with 7 categories of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases were reported in Xinghua from 1990 to 2019.The average annual incidence was 69.66 per 100000 population.The incidence showed a decreasing trends(χ^2=56574.719,P<0.001)with 161.30 per 100000,21.29 per 100000,and 18.35 per 100000 in the 1990-1999,2000-2009,and 2010-2019 periods respectively.The main distribution of cases were hepatitis A and typhoid and paratyphoid in 1990-1999,unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis A in 2000-2009,and unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis E in 2010-2019.The constituent ratio was 78.58%,65.87%and 69.81%,respectively.There were significant differences with the sex and ages between three decades.Additionally,the cases in rural and urban areas accounted for 74.35%and 25.65%while the majority of patients were farmers,students,scattered children and workers.The incidence peaked in March and July to October in 1990-1999 and 2000-2009,exhibiting a double peak distribution,while the seasonality of 2010-2019 was not obvious.Conclusions The effects were notable in category A and B intestinal infectious diseases control and prevention with the incidence rates have declined significantly in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019.Therefore,it is essential to strengthen the supervision of intestinal infectious disease in rural areas as well as farmers,students,scattered children and the elderly.Combined with the characteristics of A and B intestinal infectious diseases in the new era,comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate.

关 键 词：肠道传染病 流行特征 发病率 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]