现代卫生科学奠基人:马克思·约瑟夫·冯·皮腾科菲尔  

The founder of modern health care: Max Joseph von Pettenkofer

作　　者：周浩月 何杭 易芬 李佳璐 曹柳柳 李宝珠 吴俊 叶冬青[1] ZHOU Hao-yue;HE Hang;YI Fen;LI Jia-lu;CAO Liu-liu;LI Bao-zhu;WU Jun;YE Dong-qing(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province,Hefei 230032,China;Department of Clinical Medicine("5&3"Integration),The Second School of Clinical Medicine,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,炎症免疫性疾病安徽省实验室,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学第二临床医学院,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2020年第11期1361-1364,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：马克思·约瑟夫·冯·皮腾科菲尔(Max Joseph von Pettenkofer,1818-1901),19世纪德国杰出的化学家和卫生科学家,专攻环境卫生与传染病学研究。他极力反对疾病细菌学说,认为疾病发生和流行与外在环境的失调、紊乱有不可忽视的关系。通过研究环境因素与霍乱的关系,他提出了霍乱理论。此外,他创立了世界上第一个卫生科学专业,提出了很多预防传染病的方法,在传染病预防上做出了巨大贡献。他是现代卫生科学开拓者和先驱者之一,被誉为现代卫生科学的奠基人。Max Joseph von Pettenkofer(1818-1901)was an outstanding German chemist and hygienist in the 19 th century,who was mainly engaged in the study of environmental medicine and infectious diseases.He was an opponent of the germ theory of disease and believed that the disorder of the external environment was the main cause of the occurrence and prevalence of disease.He developed the cholera theory by studying the relationship between environmental factors and cholera.In addition,he founded the world’s first Department of Hygiene and put forward many methods to prevent infectious diseases.He made great contributions to the prevention of infectious diseases and was one of the pioneers of modern hygiene science.He is regarded as the founder of modern hygiene.

关 键 词：公共卫生 马克思·约瑟夫·冯·皮腾科菲尔 霍乱 历史人物 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R181.11[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]