高铁开通能否提高地方政府治理效率:事实与机制  

Whether the Operation of High-speed Rail Can Improve the Local Government’s Governance Efficiency:Facts and Mechanism

作　　者：杨野 YANG Ye(Institute for Finance and Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学财经研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期1-10,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BGL060);广东省会计科研课题(2017A09);国家审计署重点科研课题(20SJ06002)。

摘　　要：政府治理作为一项复杂的管理活动,需要投入大量人力、物力及时间成本。由于地理空间的限制,这些资源往往难以得到优化配置,导致地方政府治理效率良莠不齐。以“硬环境”我国高铁的开通为依托,基于2000-2018年290个城市面板数据,运用DID模型、中介效应模型实证检验高铁开通对我国地方政府治理效率的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:由于缓解了地理距离的时空约束,我国高铁的开通显著提高了高铁开通城市的政府治理效率,且该结论在改变样本期间、删除经济强市样本、安慰剂检验、滞后一期回归及替换变量等稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性检验表明,高铁开通提高了地方政府治理效率主要集中在中东部地区,西部地区表现尚不明显。进一步研究发现,高铁开通提高了人才的聚集和资本的聚集,促进了地方政府治理效率的提升。As a complicated management activity,government governance requires plenty of manpower,material resources and time cost.With limited geographical space,it is hard to optimize resource allocation,resulting in uneven local governance.Based on the“hard environment”,i.e.,the operation of high-speed rail in China and the panel data of 290 cities from 2000 to 2018,This research empirically tests the influence of high-speed rail on China’s local government’s governance efficiency and its mechanism by adopting DID model and mediating effect model.The findings show that owing to the alleviation of space and time constraints of geographical distance,Chinese high-speed rail has significantly improved the government governance efficiency of cities operating the high-speed rail.More importantly,this finding remains tenable in robustness tests like change of sample ranges,deletion of the samples of the economically-developed cities,placebo test,last phase lagged variable regression and variable substitution.Meanwhile,the heterogeneity test proves that the positive impact of the operation of high-speed rail on local governance efficiency mainly occurs to central and east China,and it is not apparent in west China.Further studies show that high-speed rail has enhanced local governance efficiency with the gathering of talents and capitals.

关 键 词：高速铁路 政府治理 人才集聚 资本集聚 基础建设 地理距离 

分 类 号：F81[经济管理—财政学]