中国居民收入差距现状的国际比较研究--与日本、瑞典、德国、新加坡、英国、美国、法国的对比分析  

Study on the Status Quo of Chinese Residents'Income Inequality and the International Comparison—Contrastive Analysis with Japan,Sweden,Germany,Singapore,the United Kingdom,the United States,France

作　　者：李立男 Li Linan

机构地区：[1]厦门工学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《海派经济学》2020年第1期131-150,共20页Journal of Economics of Shanghai School

基　　金：2018年福建省社会科学规划马工程重点项目“以人民为中心发展思想下人类发展指数拓展研究”(FJ2018MGCA011)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：中国经济体量增长迅速,同时,收入差距也在扩大,基尼系数一度超越警戒线,中国最富1%、10%人口收入占比逐年增大。其中,基尼系数与日本、瑞典、德国、新加坡、英国、美国、法国相比,中国处于较高的位置;中国最富10%人口与最贫困10%人口差距数值在这些国家中也较大。文章分析提出:(1)除了中国发展模式的特殊性外,历史与文化以及国家责任、市场化、层级化等都是影响收入差距的重要因素;(2)从日本、瑞典、德国、新加坡、英国、美国、法国实施的社会保障政策看,20世纪70年代以来实行的新自由主义经济政策是其根源;(3)中国想要缩短收入差距,应该摒弃国际上导致收入差距的做法。在具体的实施措施上注重政府的作用,从税收、教育、劳动者地位的提高、公共财富的管理等方面入手,缩短收入差距。China's economy is growing rapidly.At the same time,the income inequality has increased.The Gini coefficient exceeded 0.4,the share of top 1%,10%increases with each passing year.Compared with Ja-pan,Sweden,Germany,Singapore,the United Kingdom,the United States and France,China has a relatively high Gini coefficient,and the high income inequality between the top 10%and bottom 10%.The paper sug-gests that(1)the particularity of China's development model,history and culture,national responsibility,marketization and hierarchy matter in sha-ping inequality.(2)The income inequality observed in Japan,Sweden,Ger-many,Singapore,the United Kingdom,the United States and France is largely due to the economic policies implemented since the 1970s.(3)Tack-ling income inequality in China requires abandoning the international incor-rect practices,and reassessing the management role of the government which refers to taxation,education,the improvement of the status of work-ers,and public wealth,etc.

关 键 词：收入差距 中国收入 国际比较 

分 类 号：D616[政治法律—政治学]