一元分裂句法:最简方案的新路径  

Unary split syntax:An alternative minimalist approach

作　　者：王和玉[1] WANG Heyu(School of Foreign Languages,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学外国语学院,广东省广州市510006

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2020年第6期844-855,959,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“基于加标理论的句法孤岛现象研究”(18BYY006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：二元合并句法一方面合理简洁地解释了语言的递归性和层级性,另一方面仍包含语段、加标、基于一致性关系的特征赋值等理论附件,同时还要假设不同的具体合并方式和限制性条件,才能保证生成结构的多样性与合法性。Zwart(2009,2011a,b)提出的一元分裂句法放弃了诸如拷贝、移位、语段、加标、一致、移交等概念,也不用设定不同的合并方式和额外的界面解读条件,同样能有效解释语言的递归性、向心性和局部性。一元分裂句法不仅在理论上简化了句法运算的构件、降低了运算负担,还化解了二元合并句法中初始合并的困境,有效地解释了合成词与短语的区别、难易结构的属性,是探索最简句法的新路径。Chomsky’s binary merge syntax well explains the recursion and hierarchy of human language in a minimalist spirit. Nevertheless, it still contains such theoretical attachments as phase, label, agree and feature checking to motivate and maintain the syntactic derivation. Meanwhile, different specific merging modes and restrictive conditions have to be hypothesized to ensure the diversity and legitimacy of the generated structure. By contrast, the unary split syntax proposed by Zwart(2009) eliminates the concepts of copy, movement, phase, label, agree and transfer, but equally accounts for the recursive, local and endocentric properties of language structure. Without assuming different merge modes and interface conditions, the unary split syntax not only simplifies the components of syntactic computation, but also explains the distinction between compound words and phrases, the properties of tough-constructions, and solves primary merge problem challenging the binary merge syntax. With these merits, the unary split syntax suggests a promising alternative to explore minimalism.

关 键 词：二元合并 一元分裂 加标 初始合并 递归性 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]