以“水银行”模式探索创新太湖流域水资源配置手段的思考  

Exploration and innovation of allocation means of water resources in Taihu Lake Basin through mode of water bank

作　　者：戴晶晶[1] 孙志[1] 赵晓晴 DAI Jingjing;SUN Zhi;ZHAO Xiaoqing(Taihu Basin Authority of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R.China,Shanghai 200434,China;Monitoring Center of Hydrological and Water Resources of Taihu Basin,Wuxi 214000,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部太湖流域管理局,上海200434 [2]太湖流域水文水资源监测中心,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《水利经济》2020年第6期66-71,84,共7页Journal of Economics of Water Resources

摘　　要：太湖流域处于我国南方丰水地区,但水质型缺水及河湖生态环境状况不佳是长期面临的问题和挑战。当前流域水资源配置采用行政协调分配模式而非市场手段,需求侧为规划方案的预测需水,因此供给侧的水量也随之固定,且不随水价而改变,不利于提高水资源的利用效率。选取“水银行”模式探索流域水资源配置新手段,提出了以太湖等重要河湖为调配中心的“太湖水银行”模式初步设想,通过存水、贷水等业务体现水的真实价值和配置、保护、调度等综合成本,近期在总量控制的前提下通过交易付费约束用水需求,促进水的合理、高效使用,远期则提出了以奖优罚劣为准则促进太湖等重要河湖来水水质保障的总体构想。Taihu Lake Basin is located in the southern areas with rich water in China,but its water-quality type water shortage and worse situation of ecological environment of rivers and lakes are the long-term problem and challenge.The current allocation of water resources in the Basin adopts administration-coordinated allocated mode and not market means.The demand side is the expected water demand in the planning scheme,and thus,the water demand at the supply side is also fixed and does not change with the water price,which is not favor of improving the utilization efficiency of water resources.The mode of water bank is selected to explore the new means for allocation of water resources of basins.The preliminary idea of Water Bank of Taihu Lake with important rivers and lakes as the dispatching center such as Taihu Lake is proposed:By using some businesses of storage water and loan water to reflect the true value of water and the comprehensive costs of allocation,protection and dispatching,in the short term,the water demand is restricted through transaction payment to promote rational and high-efficient utilization of water resources under the control of the total water quantity,and in the long term,a general idea is put forward that the reward and penalty mechanism is regarded as the criterion to improve the water quality security of important rivers and lakes such as Taihu Lake.

关 键 词：太湖流域 水资源配置 水银行 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]